Aspen University (Nursing Test)
Nightingale's Theory of Environment - ✔️✔️-Environment factors can affect health
-Clean environment is beneficial to preventing disease
-Manipulation of the environment enhance patient recovery
-Elimination of contamination by exposing to fresh air, light, warmth, quiet
-Observation is used to guide & measure improvements of lack of response to nursing
interventions
Neuman Systems Model - ✔️✔️-Uses person, environment, health, & nursing
-Nursing keeps client systems stable thru assessing environmental factors
(internal/external) to make adjustments to obtain highest degree of wellness
-Nursing involves: primary, secondary, & Tertiary prevention
-Primary prevention: preventing & reducing chance of stressors or resultant illness
-Secondary prevention: symptoms are present & treatment is being provided to
decrease the effects of stress
-Tertiary prevention: Adjustment following illness is supported & maintained client
system to stability
Orem's Self-Care Model - ✔️✔️-Self-care: what ppl can plan & do for own behalf to
maintain life
-Self-care Agency: Person's acquired ability to engage in self care, which can be
affected by basic conditions
-Therapeutic Self-care demand: Needs at various times in a person's life when
healthcare is required to meet self need
-Self care deficit: Incapable of providing continuously effective self care and nursing
care is required
"If there is a deficit between what the individual can do and what they need to be done
to maintain optimum functioning then nursing is required"
, Orem's Self-Care Model - ✔️✔️3 systems
-Wholly compensatory: patient actions are limited; nurse does most of work
-Partially compensatory: patient and nurse work together to meet self requirements
-Supportive Educative system: patient provides care and nurse and patient work
together to regulate self care agency
Parse's Human Becoming Theory - ✔️✔️-Humans are viewed as experts on own
health & life experiences
3 main themes:Meaning, Rhythmicity, Transcendence
-Meaning: Concept of imaging, valuing, language
-Rhythmicity: Revealing-concealing, enabling-limiting, connecting-separating
-Transcendence: Powering, originating, & transforming
*The model does not seek to "FIX Problems". The model gives nurses an ability to see
from patient's perspective
-Theory allows the nurse to be with the patient & guide him/her towards health
Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort - ✔️✔️-Intentional assessment of comfort needs, design
of comfort measures to address those needs, & reassessment of comfort levels
(Types of Comfort)
-Relief: State of a patient with specific needs
-Ease: State of overall calm & contentment
-Transcendence: State which a person rises above problems and pain
-Nursing is the process of assessing the patient;s comfort needs, developing and
implementing appropriate nursing care plan
Breast cancer screening - ✔️✔️40-44 years (suggested)
>45 years (required yearly; unless sick)
Colon cancer screening - ✔️✔️(Test can be stool sensitivity or rectal exam)
Start at 45 years - 75 years
76 years - 85 years; talk with physician to see if colon screening is needed
Nightingale's Theory of Environment - ✔️✔️-Environment factors can affect health
-Clean environment is beneficial to preventing disease
-Manipulation of the environment enhance patient recovery
-Elimination of contamination by exposing to fresh air, light, warmth, quiet
-Observation is used to guide & measure improvements of lack of response to nursing
interventions
Neuman Systems Model - ✔️✔️-Uses person, environment, health, & nursing
-Nursing keeps client systems stable thru assessing environmental factors
(internal/external) to make adjustments to obtain highest degree of wellness
-Nursing involves: primary, secondary, & Tertiary prevention
-Primary prevention: preventing & reducing chance of stressors or resultant illness
-Secondary prevention: symptoms are present & treatment is being provided to
decrease the effects of stress
-Tertiary prevention: Adjustment following illness is supported & maintained client
system to stability
Orem's Self-Care Model - ✔️✔️-Self-care: what ppl can plan & do for own behalf to
maintain life
-Self-care Agency: Person's acquired ability to engage in self care, which can be
affected by basic conditions
-Therapeutic Self-care demand: Needs at various times in a person's life when
healthcare is required to meet self need
-Self care deficit: Incapable of providing continuously effective self care and nursing
care is required
"If there is a deficit between what the individual can do and what they need to be done
to maintain optimum functioning then nursing is required"
, Orem's Self-Care Model - ✔️✔️3 systems
-Wholly compensatory: patient actions are limited; nurse does most of work
-Partially compensatory: patient and nurse work together to meet self requirements
-Supportive Educative system: patient provides care and nurse and patient work
together to regulate self care agency
Parse's Human Becoming Theory - ✔️✔️-Humans are viewed as experts on own
health & life experiences
3 main themes:Meaning, Rhythmicity, Transcendence
-Meaning: Concept of imaging, valuing, language
-Rhythmicity: Revealing-concealing, enabling-limiting, connecting-separating
-Transcendence: Powering, originating, & transforming
*The model does not seek to "FIX Problems". The model gives nurses an ability to see
from patient's perspective
-Theory allows the nurse to be with the patient & guide him/her towards health
Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort - ✔️✔️-Intentional assessment of comfort needs, design
of comfort measures to address those needs, & reassessment of comfort levels
(Types of Comfort)
-Relief: State of a patient with specific needs
-Ease: State of overall calm & contentment
-Transcendence: State which a person rises above problems and pain
-Nursing is the process of assessing the patient;s comfort needs, developing and
implementing appropriate nursing care plan
Breast cancer screening - ✔️✔️40-44 years (suggested)
>45 years (required yearly; unless sick)
Colon cancer screening - ✔️✔️(Test can be stool sensitivity or rectal exam)
Start at 45 years - 75 years
76 years - 85 years; talk with physician to see if colon screening is needed
