Orthopaedic Technologist Exam:
Surgery/67 Questions & Answers
What to Report to Surgeon Regarding Fracture - --Location
-Open/closed
-Type of fracture
-Anatomical alignment
-Angulation (degree)
-Neurovascular status of limb
-Surgical Hand Washing Procedure - --Examine skin for damage
-Nail pick to clean under nails
-Sterile scrub brush
-One arm at a time, 30 passes in each area
-Each side of each finger
-Extend to 2 inches above elbow
-Excess water allowed to drip into sink
-Protective Attire - -Protects from radiation, lasers, and microbes. Scrub
suit, mask, hair cover, shoe cover, non-sterile gloves, protective eyewear,
and radiation protection.
-Attire Worn in the Operating Room - -Limits microbial spread. Scrub suit,
hair cover. Mask and shoe covers. A cap or hood is worn to cover hair.
-Sterile Scrub Attire - -Worn by surgical team. Put on after surgical scrub.
Sterile gown, sterile gloves. Required for entry into sterile field. Made of lint-
free fabric. The cuffs of the gown are not considered sterile and must be
covered by the glove. Double-gloving is recommended.
-Double-Gloving - -Provides extra protection from injury and disease. As a
sharp object passes through the glove material, bioburden is removed.
Additionally, the ability of latex to act as a barrier decreases over time. A
glove of a larger size is worn next to the skin, and a glove of normal size is
worn on top.
-Supine Position - -Patient flat on back. Arms secured at the sides of the
body, palms facing inward. Legs are straight out. A safety belt is positioned
across the thighs approximately 2 inches above the knees. If arm boards are
used, the arms are no more than a 90-degree angle. Pillows are placed
where necessary, and a foot board is used to prevent prolonged plantar
flexion.
, -Fowler's Position - -Modified supine position. Decreases blood circulation to
the upper body, and encourages venous drainage. An air embolism is a
potential hazard of the position. Allows easy access to the head, neck,
shoulder, and breast. Arms are secured across the stomach. The upper
section of the table is raised to a 45-degree angle. The whole table is tilted
downward.
-Prone Position - -The patient is anesthetized before being placed on the
operating table in this position. The safety strap is applied on the thighs
above the knees.
-Beach Chair Positioning - -For shoulder surgery
-Lateral Position - -Patient positioned on one side. Lower leg flexed, upper
leg straight. Safety strap over hip. Arms on double armboards.
-ACL Reconstruction Positioning - -Tourniquet placed proximally on thigh.
Leg flexed to 90 degrees. Leg holder or lateral post used.
-Fracture Table Positioning for Hip and Femur Fractures - -Fx of hip and
thigh require ORIF or intra-medullary rodding. Table includes a boot for
affected leg.
-Lateral Positioner for Hip Replacement/Hemi-Arthroplasty - -Patient lies on
non-operative side. Posterior pad at L4-L5 level, anterior pad close to ASIS.
Leg flexed to 90 degrees.
-Surgical Drapes - -Protect surgical site from contamination. Antistatic,
strong porous, flame retardant, lint-free.
-Plastic Drapes - -Adhesive. Incise drapes thin, see-through with adhesive
back. Aperture drapes have fenestrations.
-Fabric Drapes - -Nonwoven textile fabrics disposable, light, strong. Woven
textile fabrics reusable, treated for fluid repellency.
-Fenestrated Drapes - -Openings to expose surgical site. Fenestration shape
varies by use.
-Nonfenestrated Drapes - -Cover sections not exposed by fenestrated
drapes. Custom-made for specific surgeries.
-Sterile Packs - -Designed for specific procedures. Contain supplies like
gowns, drapes, and towels.
Surgery/67 Questions & Answers
What to Report to Surgeon Regarding Fracture - --Location
-Open/closed
-Type of fracture
-Anatomical alignment
-Angulation (degree)
-Neurovascular status of limb
-Surgical Hand Washing Procedure - --Examine skin for damage
-Nail pick to clean under nails
-Sterile scrub brush
-One arm at a time, 30 passes in each area
-Each side of each finger
-Extend to 2 inches above elbow
-Excess water allowed to drip into sink
-Protective Attire - -Protects from radiation, lasers, and microbes. Scrub
suit, mask, hair cover, shoe cover, non-sterile gloves, protective eyewear,
and radiation protection.
-Attire Worn in the Operating Room - -Limits microbial spread. Scrub suit,
hair cover. Mask and shoe covers. A cap or hood is worn to cover hair.
-Sterile Scrub Attire - -Worn by surgical team. Put on after surgical scrub.
Sterile gown, sterile gloves. Required for entry into sterile field. Made of lint-
free fabric. The cuffs of the gown are not considered sterile and must be
covered by the glove. Double-gloving is recommended.
-Double-Gloving - -Provides extra protection from injury and disease. As a
sharp object passes through the glove material, bioburden is removed.
Additionally, the ability of latex to act as a barrier decreases over time. A
glove of a larger size is worn next to the skin, and a glove of normal size is
worn on top.
-Supine Position - -Patient flat on back. Arms secured at the sides of the
body, palms facing inward. Legs are straight out. A safety belt is positioned
across the thighs approximately 2 inches above the knees. If arm boards are
used, the arms are no more than a 90-degree angle. Pillows are placed
where necessary, and a foot board is used to prevent prolonged plantar
flexion.
, -Fowler's Position - -Modified supine position. Decreases blood circulation to
the upper body, and encourages venous drainage. An air embolism is a
potential hazard of the position. Allows easy access to the head, neck,
shoulder, and breast. Arms are secured across the stomach. The upper
section of the table is raised to a 45-degree angle. The whole table is tilted
downward.
-Prone Position - -The patient is anesthetized before being placed on the
operating table in this position. The safety strap is applied on the thighs
above the knees.
-Beach Chair Positioning - -For shoulder surgery
-Lateral Position - -Patient positioned on one side. Lower leg flexed, upper
leg straight. Safety strap over hip. Arms on double armboards.
-ACL Reconstruction Positioning - -Tourniquet placed proximally on thigh.
Leg flexed to 90 degrees. Leg holder or lateral post used.
-Fracture Table Positioning for Hip and Femur Fractures - -Fx of hip and
thigh require ORIF or intra-medullary rodding. Table includes a boot for
affected leg.
-Lateral Positioner for Hip Replacement/Hemi-Arthroplasty - -Patient lies on
non-operative side. Posterior pad at L4-L5 level, anterior pad close to ASIS.
Leg flexed to 90 degrees.
-Surgical Drapes - -Protect surgical site from contamination. Antistatic,
strong porous, flame retardant, lint-free.
-Plastic Drapes - -Adhesive. Incise drapes thin, see-through with adhesive
back. Aperture drapes have fenestrations.
-Fabric Drapes - -Nonwoven textile fabrics disposable, light, strong. Woven
textile fabrics reusable, treated for fluid repellency.
-Fenestrated Drapes - -Openings to expose surgical site. Fenestration shape
varies by use.
-Nonfenestrated Drapes - -Cover sections not exposed by fenestrated
drapes. Custom-made for specific surgeries.
-Sterile Packs - -Designed for specific procedures. Contain supplies like
gowns, drapes, and towels.
