PSYC 1111 Questions Set | 400+ Study
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
What makes psychological research scientific? - ✔✔precision, skepticism, reliance on
empirical evidence, willingness to make risky predictions, openness
What are the types of descriptive methods - ✔✔case studies, observational studies, tests,
surveys
What are the types of research methods? - ✔✔case study, naturalistic observation,
laboratory observation, test, survey, correlation study, and experiment
What is a perfect positive correlation - ✔✔+1.00
What is a perfect negative correlation - ✔✔-1.00
psychological tests - ✔✔procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits,
emotional states, aptitudes, interests, abilities, and values
standardize - ✔✔in test construction, to develop uniform procedures for giving and scoring a
test
norms - ✔✔in test construction, established standards of performance
reliability - ✔✔in test construction, the consistency of scores derived from a test, from one
time and place to another
Validity - ✔✔the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure
,surveys - ✔✔Questionnaires and interviews that ask people directly about their experiences,
attitudes, or opinions.
volunteer bias - ✔✔a shortcoming of findings derived from a sample of volunteers instead of
a representative sample; the volunteers may differ from those who did not volunteer
correlation study - ✔✔a descriptive study that looks for a consistent relationship between
two phenomena
Correlation - ✔✔a measure of how strongly 2 variables are related to each other
variables - ✔✔characteristics of behavior or experience that can be measured or described
by a numeric scale
Positive correlation - ✔✔an association between increases in one variable and increases in
another- or between decreases in one and in another
Negative correlation - ✔✔an association between increases in one variable and decreases in
another
coefficient of correlation - ✔✔a measure of correlation that ranges in value from -1.00 to
+1.00
conveys both the size and direction of the correlation
If there is no correlation the number is closer to - ✔✔0
Independent variable - ✔✔aspect of an experimental situation manipulated or varied by the
researcher
,dependent variable - ✔✔the behavior that the researcher tries to predict
What are the major concerns that arise in cross-cultural research? - ✔✔methods and
sampling, stereotyping, reification
what does p value mean - ✔✔p= probability
the probability something with happen
experiment - ✔✔a controlled test of a hypothesis in which the researcher manipulates one
variable to discover its effect on another
control condition - ✔✔in an experiment, a comparison condition in which participants are
not exposed to the same treatment as in the experimental condition
random assignment - ✔✔a procedure for assigning people to experimental and control
groups in which each individual has the same probability as any other of being assigned to a
given group
placebo - ✔✔An inactive substance or condition used to control for confounding variables
Single Blind Study - ✔✔an experiment in which participants do not know whether they are in
an experimental or a control group but the researchers do
experimenter effects - ✔✔unintended changes in study participants' behavior due to cues
that the experimenter inadvertently conveys
double blind study - ✔✔An experiment in which neither the participant nor the researcher
knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the placebo until after the results
are tallied
, field research - ✔✔descriptive or experimental research conducted in a natural setting
outside the laboratory
What are the principles for CPA and TCPS2 code of ethics? - ✔✔respect for human dignity,
respect for free and informed consent, respect for vulnerable persons such as children, respect
for privacy and confidentiality, respect for justice and inclusiveness, balancing harms and
benefits, minimizing harm, maximizing benefit
descriptive statistics - ✔✔statistical procedures used to summarize and organize data
anthemetic mean: - ✔✔an average that is calculated by adding up a set of quantities and
dividing the sum by the total number of quantities in the set
standard deviation - ✔✔a commonly used measure of variability that indicates the average
difference between scores in a distribution and their mean
inferential statistics - ✔✔statistical procedures that allow researchers to draw inferences
about how statistically meaningful a study's results are
Significance tests - ✔✔statistical tests that show how likely it is that a study's results
occurred merely by chance
Confidence interval - ✔✔a statistical measure that provides, with a specified probability, a
range of values within which a population mean is likely to lie
cross-sectional study - ✔✔a study in which people of different ages are compared to one
another at a given time
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
What makes psychological research scientific? - ✔✔precision, skepticism, reliance on
empirical evidence, willingness to make risky predictions, openness
What are the types of descriptive methods - ✔✔case studies, observational studies, tests,
surveys
What are the types of research methods? - ✔✔case study, naturalistic observation,
laboratory observation, test, survey, correlation study, and experiment
What is a perfect positive correlation - ✔✔+1.00
What is a perfect negative correlation - ✔✔-1.00
psychological tests - ✔✔procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits,
emotional states, aptitudes, interests, abilities, and values
standardize - ✔✔in test construction, to develop uniform procedures for giving and scoring a
test
norms - ✔✔in test construction, established standards of performance
reliability - ✔✔in test construction, the consistency of scores derived from a test, from one
time and place to another
Validity - ✔✔the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure
,surveys - ✔✔Questionnaires and interviews that ask people directly about their experiences,
attitudes, or opinions.
volunteer bias - ✔✔a shortcoming of findings derived from a sample of volunteers instead of
a representative sample; the volunteers may differ from those who did not volunteer
correlation study - ✔✔a descriptive study that looks for a consistent relationship between
two phenomena
Correlation - ✔✔a measure of how strongly 2 variables are related to each other
variables - ✔✔characteristics of behavior or experience that can be measured or described
by a numeric scale
Positive correlation - ✔✔an association between increases in one variable and increases in
another- or between decreases in one and in another
Negative correlation - ✔✔an association between increases in one variable and decreases in
another
coefficient of correlation - ✔✔a measure of correlation that ranges in value from -1.00 to
+1.00
conveys both the size and direction of the correlation
If there is no correlation the number is closer to - ✔✔0
Independent variable - ✔✔aspect of an experimental situation manipulated or varied by the
researcher
,dependent variable - ✔✔the behavior that the researcher tries to predict
What are the major concerns that arise in cross-cultural research? - ✔✔methods and
sampling, stereotyping, reification
what does p value mean - ✔✔p= probability
the probability something with happen
experiment - ✔✔a controlled test of a hypothesis in which the researcher manipulates one
variable to discover its effect on another
control condition - ✔✔in an experiment, a comparison condition in which participants are
not exposed to the same treatment as in the experimental condition
random assignment - ✔✔a procedure for assigning people to experimental and control
groups in which each individual has the same probability as any other of being assigned to a
given group
placebo - ✔✔An inactive substance or condition used to control for confounding variables
Single Blind Study - ✔✔an experiment in which participants do not know whether they are in
an experimental or a control group but the researchers do
experimenter effects - ✔✔unintended changes in study participants' behavior due to cues
that the experimenter inadvertently conveys
double blind study - ✔✔An experiment in which neither the participant nor the researcher
knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the placebo until after the results
are tallied
, field research - ✔✔descriptive or experimental research conducted in a natural setting
outside the laboratory
What are the principles for CPA and TCPS2 code of ethics? - ✔✔respect for human dignity,
respect for free and informed consent, respect for vulnerable persons such as children, respect
for privacy and confidentiality, respect for justice and inclusiveness, balancing harms and
benefits, minimizing harm, maximizing benefit
descriptive statistics - ✔✔statistical procedures used to summarize and organize data
anthemetic mean: - ✔✔an average that is calculated by adding up a set of quantities and
dividing the sum by the total number of quantities in the set
standard deviation - ✔✔a commonly used measure of variability that indicates the average
difference between scores in a distribution and their mean
inferential statistics - ✔✔statistical procedures that allow researchers to draw inferences
about how statistically meaningful a study's results are
Significance tests - ✔✔statistical tests that show how likely it is that a study's results
occurred merely by chance
Confidence interval - ✔✔a statistical measure that provides, with a specified probability, a
range of values within which a population mean is likely to lie
cross-sectional study - ✔✔a study in which people of different ages are compared to one
another at a given time
