OSMT- Laboratory safety Study Guide

OSMT- Laboratory safety Study Guide what are the 4 main categories of hazards in the laboratory - Answer️️ -1) biological 2) chemical 3) physical 4) psychological what type of approach should you have when identifying hazards, assessing the risk and determining control measures a) first aid approche b) systematic approach c) knowledgeable approach d) ladder approach - Answer️️ -b) systematic approach- having each job or task reviewed to identify the hazards of all types what is the assessment of risk based upon - Answer️️ -based on what the task is, what equipment is used and where the tasks are being done what are the level of risks calculated by - Answer️️ -number of worker exposed to hazard, how often they are exposed and the severity and probability are hazards the same as risks? - Answer️️ -no what are the 3 ways to identify hazard controls - Answer️️ -1) engineering controls 2) administrative controls 3) personal controls ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 2 what are engineering controls -name some examples - Answer️️ -actions, items or equipment designed to reduce harmful exposure examples- isolation of the hazard from the worker ( glove boxes, enclosed tube systems in automated equipment) -ventilation controls (chemical fume hoods, BSC) -guarding between the worker and moving parts- pumps, centrifuges) what are administrative controls - Answer️️ -actions taken by the administrators of an organization to reduce employee exposure to hazards eg : -training for new workers -substitutions for hazards an processes -reduce prolong exposure- schedule change -inspections -emergency plans -occupational health programs -pre work checklists what are some personal controls - Answer️️ -refers to the use of PPE for lab work ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 3 ex: gloves -gowns -lab coats eye protection -respirators -proper footwear what are some emergency events that can happen in the lab - Answer️️ --explosion -chemical spill -biological spill -violence -power failures -information system failures -severe weather -floods -ventilation failures -bomb threats -infectious disease exposure what are biological hazards - Answer️️ --the potential for a variety of lab-acquired infections what are some examples of biological hazards - Answer️️ --needle puncture -injury with broken glass, sharp object -contact from biological skills, sprays , aerosols, mucous membrane or broken skin -aspiration through pipettes ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 4 -animal bites or scratches which administration is responsible for then enforcement of the human pathogen and toxins act and regulation - Answer️️ -minister of health - the purpose of this legislation is to establish a safety and security regime to protect the health and safety of the public against the risk posed by humans and animal pathogens and toxins engineer controls for biological hazards - Answer️️ --eliminate or substitute exposure to risk -immunization programs -improve design of lab -heating, ventilation and AC systems -autoclaves and incinerators- decontaminate -BSC -self-sheathing needles -sharp disposal containers -engineered transport containers -barrier pipette tips administrative controls - Answer️️ --rules and processes, safe work procedures and training ex: -hazardous assessments - procedures designed to reduce risk -signage with hazard identifiers, symbols or pictograms ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 5 -implement routine practices and precautions -workers training -enforcement of safety rules -hygiene and housekeeping -post exposure protocols to minimize harm what are risk groups - Answer️️ -they are the classification of biological material based on its inherent characteristics including pathogenicity, virulence, risk of spread, health of animals and animal population risk group 1 - Answer️️ -low individual risk, low community risk risk group 2 - Answer️️ -moderate indiv , low community risk risk group 3 - Answer️️ -high indiv risk, low community risk risk group 4 - Answer️️ -high indiv risk, high community risk definition of containment levels - Answer️️ --the minimum physical features and operational practices needed for the safe handling and storage of biohazards within an identified area such as the lab physical containment requirements - Answer️️ --structure and location -containment barrier -lockable doors -surface finishes and casework -airhandling -facility services- plumbing , electrical -BSC ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 6 -decontamination systems the majority of clinical and diagnostic labs are likely to handle and store which risk group and which contamination level - Answer️️ -risk group 2 - moderate indiv, low community risk contamination level 2- what is containment level 1 - Answer️️ -incorporates features that provide the foundation of biosafety upon which the requirements for all higher level contaminants zones are built. -achieved through the use of good microbiological lab practices in addition to basic physical containment design eg: handwashing sinks what is containment level 2 -administrative controls -procedure controls -physical features - Answer️️ -bio safety and bio security are achieved through operational practices includes administrative controls (program management and training) and procedures (work practices, PPE and decontamination) ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 7 physical features- location of lab, surface finish, access control -BSC what is the route of entry for aerosols - Answer️️ --ingestion or inhalation what is used for procedure that involve potentially hazard aerosol specimens - Answer️️ -BSC with open vessels are used what are the 3 classifications according to the Canadian Biosafety standard that requires a BSC - Answer️️ --of they produce infectious aerosols or toxins that cannot be contained -involve a high concentration of biohazard -involve a large volume of biohazards how are aerosols suspended ? - Answer️️ --suspended of a solid or liquid particals in the air that may gain access to the respiratory