Chapter 32. Pain Management and Palliative Care
1. The nurse is aware when assessing a child for pain that:
a. neonates do not feel pain.
b. pain is an individualized
experience. c. children do not
remember pain.
d. a child must cry to express pain.
ANS: B
The manner and intensity of how a child expresses pain are dependent on the individual
childs experiences. It is a myth that neonates do not feel pain. Neonates do express a total-
body response to pain with a cry that is intense, high pitched, and harsh sounding. It is a
myth that children do not remember pain. Children of all ages have been reported to have
sleeping and eating disruptions after painful experiences. Not all children will cry to express
pain.
2. When pain is assessed in an infant, it would be inappropriate to assess for:
a. facial expressions of
pain. b. localization of pain.
c. crying.
d. thrashing of extremities.
ANS: B
Infants cannot localize pain to any great extent. Frowning, grimacing, and facial flinching in
an infant may indicate pain. Infants often exhibit high-pitched, tense, harsh crying to express
pain. Infants may exhibit thrashing extremities in response to a painful stimulus.
3. The nurse is aware that physiological changes associated with pain in the infant include
which finding(s)?
a. Increased blood pressure and decreased arterial saturation
b. Decreased blood pressure and increased arterial
saturation c. Increased urine output and increased heart rate
d. Decreased urine output and increased blood pressure
, ANS: A
Increased blood pressure and heart rate and decreased arterial saturation are physiological
responses to pain in the neonate. An increase in blood pressure and a decrease in arterial
saturation are documented when the neonate is feeling pain. Although an increase in heart rate
is
1. The nurse is aware when assessing a child for pain that:
a. neonates do not feel pain.
b. pain is an individualized
experience. c. children do not
remember pain.
d. a child must cry to express pain.
ANS: B
The manner and intensity of how a child expresses pain are dependent on the individual
childs experiences. It is a myth that neonates do not feel pain. Neonates do express a total-
body response to pain with a cry that is intense, high pitched, and harsh sounding. It is a
myth that children do not remember pain. Children of all ages have been reported to have
sleeping and eating disruptions after painful experiences. Not all children will cry to express
pain.
2. When pain is assessed in an infant, it would be inappropriate to assess for:
a. facial expressions of
pain. b. localization of pain.
c. crying.
d. thrashing of extremities.
ANS: B
Infants cannot localize pain to any great extent. Frowning, grimacing, and facial flinching in
an infant may indicate pain. Infants often exhibit high-pitched, tense, harsh crying to express
pain. Infants may exhibit thrashing extremities in response to a painful stimulus.
3. The nurse is aware that physiological changes associated with pain in the infant include
which finding(s)?
a. Increased blood pressure and decreased arterial saturation
b. Decreased blood pressure and increased arterial
saturation c. Increased urine output and increased heart rate
d. Decreased urine output and increased blood pressure
, ANS: A
Increased blood pressure and heart rate and decreased arterial saturation are physiological
responses to pain in the neonate. An increase in blood pressure and a decrease in arterial
saturation are documented when the neonate is feeling pain. Although an increase in heart rate
is
