RADT 100 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

RADT 100 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS Three things helped pave the way to the discovery of x‐rays - Answer️️ -1. Electricity 2. Vacuums 3. Image‐Recording Materials who discovered to the concept of electromagnetic induction and how? - Answer️️ - 1831 - Michael Faraday induced electric current by moving a magnet in and out of a coil Who produced the first radiograph, but wasn't credited for x-ray discovery? - Answer️️ -William Goodspeed produced a radiograph in 1890 • He was not credited with discovery of X‐ rays Who was credited of disocvering x -rays? - Answer️️ -William Roentgen He became interested in cathode ray experiment with the Crooke's tube • He worked with this tube until he discovered x‐rays Tell me about Thomas Edison: - Answer️️ -Thomas Edison • Primary concern was working with fluoroscopy • Discovered the use of calcium tungstate over barium platinocyanide Radioactivity - Answer️️ -here certain elements spontaneously emit ray or subatomic particles from matter What 3 were awarded the nobel prize for their work? - Answer️️ -Pierre and Marie Curie, and ©EMILLYCHARLOTTE September 14, 2024 12:27 PM Page 2 of 19 Henri Becquerel were awarded the Nobel prize for their work Are tubes now capable of producing accurate multiple exposures? - Answer️️ -True Improvements in cassettes, film holders, and image receptors have made them ... - Answer️️ -durable and require less radiation -> make accurate diagnoses. Specialized Areas - Answer️️ -Radiation Therapy - not diagnostic - Therapy involves treating a patient who is already diagnosed with a disease. Nuclear Medicine ‐ radiopharmeceuticals Sonography - sound waves Special Procedures - Interventional radiology Mammography - of the breast; used to detect breast cancer; used to screen large segments of the population Tracers (think artificially produced; nuc. med) - Answer️️ -Tracers are a substance that emits radiation All of the radioactive compounds (tracers) used in nuclear medicine, often called radionuclides or radiopharmaceuticals, are artificially produced. The nuclear medicine technologist might also have to administer radioactive material to patients to treat a specific disease. ©EMILLYCHARLOTTE September 14, 2024 12:27 PM Page 3 of 19 Components of Sonography? - Answer️️ -uses high frequency sound waves to form an image. Transducer Ultrasound beam An image display on a cathode ray tube or television monitor • Transducer serves two purposes: - TRANSMITS sound in pulses and bursts - SENSES the echoes that are returning from the previous pulse Interventional radiology - Answer️️ -exams that may improve a patient's condition • Can help the patient not have to have surgery - Examples: • removal of bile ducts or renal stones • postoperative abscess drainage • selective cancer therapy Angiographic studies are performed: - To demonstrate any vascular Abnormalities - Demonstrate Pathology in the surrounding tissue and organs Purpose of MRI - Answer️️ -To obtain 2D views of an internal organ or structure, (especially the brain and spinal cord) ©EMILLYCHARLOTTE September 14, 2024 12:27 PM Page 4 of 19 To assess response to treatment, (especially cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy.) To assess sports-related injury to bones and joints. How does MRI work? - Answer️️ -How it works • MRI uses a powerful magnetic field and radiowaves to alter the natural alignment of hydrogen atoms within the body. • Computers record the activity of the hydrogen atoms and translate that into images. Radiologist Assistant - Answer️️ -• Advanced education and certification • Perform select radiology procedures • Systemic analysis of patient care • Initial observations of diagnostic images with official interpretations supervised by radiologists • 9 programs nationwide including Loma Linda Univ Nursing - Answer️️ -• Patient assessment • Patient histories • Physical exams • Medication administration • Diploma • Associate degree • Baccalaureate degree Anode - Answer️️ -positive electrode ©EMILLYCHARLOTTE September 14, 2024 12:27 PM Page 5 of 19 2 type of anodes: 1. stationary or 2. rotating - (most common in the hospital setting) • Stationary are used in dental x-ray machines Bucky - Answer️️ -used to remove "scatter" radiation Cassette - Answer️️ -- light proof container for IR Cathode - Answer️️ -- negative electrode Collimator - Answer️️ -shutters in x-ray tube CR - Answer️️ -computed radiography DR - Answer️️ -direct digital radiography CRT - Answer️️ -CRT - Certified Radiologic Technologist (CA) DICOM - Answer️️ -Digital Imaging & Communication In medicine Distortion - Answer️️ -Misrepresentation of a part Exposure index - Answer️️ -- indication of under or over exposure