Honors Biology: Intro to Bio Exam Study Guide

Honors Biology: Intro to Bio Exam Study Guide Biology - Answer️️ -the scientific study of life What is the fundamental property of ecosystems? - Answer️️ -interactions between the (living and nonliving)things in them Life's hierarchy of organization - Answer️️ -Biosphere > Ecosystem > Community > Population > Organism > Organ System > Organ > Tissue > Cell > Organelle > Molecule Ecosystem - Answer️️ -all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving, physical components of the environment that affect the organisms (air, soil, water, sunlight, etc). Community - Answer️️ -a group of all the organisms living together and potentially interacting in a particular area Population - Answer️️ -a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time, and which are capable of interbreeding. Organism - Answer️️ -one individual living thing Organ System - Answer️️ -a group of organs working together to perform vital body functions ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 2 Organ - Answer️️ -a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body Tissue - Answer️️ -a group of similar cells that perform the same function. Cell - Answer️️ -basic unit of life Organelle - Answer️️ -a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell Cell Membrane - Answer️️ -an organelle that separates a cell from its environment Molecule - Answer️️ -the simplest structural unit of an element or compound DNA - Answer️️ -(a molecule) deoxyribonucleic acid Science - Answer️️ -Derived from a Latin verb meaning "to know". An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world. Two main scientific approaches - Answer️️ -1. Discovery Science 2. Hypothesis-Driven Science Discovery science - Answer️️ -The study of structures and processes that we can observe and measure directly/indirectly with the help of tools. Hypothesis-Driven Science - Answer️️ -Observations of discovery science = ask questions/seek explanations Hypothesis - Answer️️ -usually an educated guess, a tentative answer to some question Scientific Method - Answer️️ -Observation > Question > Hypothesis > Prediction > Experiment > (go back and make more predictions and test more things) ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 3 Controlled experiment - Answer️️ -an experiment comparing an experimental group with a control group. Ideally, these groups differ only in one variable. Control group - Answer️️ -in an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment Experimental group - Answer️️ -in an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment Species - Answer️️ -the term given to a particular type of organism In later chapters: Dumb Kings Play Chess On Fat Guy's Stomachs (...or other such acronyms) - Answer️️ -Domain --> Kingdom --> Phylum --> Order --> Family --> Genus --> Species Domains - Answer️️ -Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota Prokaryote - Answer️️ -a unicellular organism that lacks a