Honors Biology Semester 1 Final Exam Study Questions and Answers

Honors Biology Semester 1 Final Exam Study Questions and Answers What are the steps of the scientific method? - Answer️️ -Observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion What are the 7 characteristics of living things? - Answer️️ -CHEMGER: cells, homeostatis, energy, metabolism, growth, evolution, reproduction What is the difference between a molecule, atom, compound, and element? (give an example) - Answer️️ -order in size: atom, element, molecule, compound O O H2O H2O atoms make elements 2+ atoms make molecules 2+ elements make compounds How is an ion different than an atom? (2 reasons) - Answer️️ -an ion has a net charge and has lost or gain electrons How are ionic compounds different than covalent? - Answer️️ -ionic compounds combine a positive and negatively charged atom covalent compounds combine two postively charged atoms How are ionic bonds different than covalent? - Answer️️ -ionic bonds steal electrons and covalent bonds share electrons On a pH scale, where do acids fall? - Answer️️ -1-7 ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 2 On a pH scale, where do bases fall? - Answer️️ -7-14 On a pH scale, where do nuetral items fall? - Answer️️ -7 What is an example of a common acid? - Answer️️ -lemon juice, vinegar, apple juice What is an example of a common base? - Answer️️ -ammonia What is an example of a common neutral item? - Answer️️ -water What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates? - Answer️️ -C H2 O (1-2-1) What is the ration of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in lipids? - Answer️️ -C H(3+) O (1- >2-1) How do amino acid (protein) formulas differ from carbs or lipids or nucleic acids? - Answer️️ -the have an NH4 What do nucleic acids have that other organic compounds do not? - Answer️️ -PO4 What are the four organic compounds? - Answer️️ -carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids Which of the following is an organic compounds? a) Ca3 (PO4 )2 b)H2 O c)CO2 d) C6 H12 O6 - Answer️️ -d) C6 H12 O6 What does most nucleic acid look like? - Answer️️ -double stranded or double helix What are the two most common nucleic acids? - Answer️️ -DNA and RNA ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 3 What is a monosaccharide? - Answer️️ -single sugar What is a disaccharide? - Answer️️ -double sugar (ie: glucose and fructose) What is a polysaccharide? - Answer️️ -complex carb with three or more sugars What organic compound are enzymes? - Answer️️ -protein What organic compound are starches, sugars, glucose and polysaccharides? - Answer️️ -carbohydrates What organic compounds are wax and fats? - Answer️️ -lipids What organic compounds are nucleotides? - Answer️️ -nucleic acids How do enzymes and substrates fit together? - Answer️️ -like lock and key What is activation energy? - Answer️️ -energy needed to st