AP Biology Unit 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

AP Biology Unit 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Carbohydrate Examples - Answer️️ -glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, glycogen, cellulose, monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides Disaccharide - Answer️️ -A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. Monosaccharide - Answer️️ -A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. Polysaccharide - Answer️️ -Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides Glycosidic Linkage - Answer️️ -A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction. Starch - Answer️️ -A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose. Cellulose - Answer️️ -A substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many organisms Lipid Examples - Answer️️ -fatty acids, fats, saturated fats, unsaturated fats, steroids, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides Unsaturated Fat - Answer️️ -A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms. Saturated Fat - Answer️️ -A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Tuesday, September 3, 2024 10:30 AM Page | 2 Steroid - Answer️️ -lipid molecule with four fused carbon rings Phospholipid - Answer️️ -a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes Nucleotide - Answer️️ -monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base Nucleic Acid Examples - Answer️️ -DNA, RNA, (ATP and ADP are modified nucleic acids) Protein Examples - Answer️️ -amino acids, primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structures, collagen, hemoglobin, enzymes Triglyceride - Answer️️ -a lipid made of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule Amino Acid Examples - Answer️️ -glutamine, proline, cysteine, lycine, ... Primary Structure of a Protein - Answer️️ -sequence of amino acids Secondary Structure of a Protein - Answer️️ -protein structure is formed by folding and twisting of amino acid chain Tertiary Structure of a Protein - Answer️️ -protein structure is formed when the twists and folds of the secondary structure fold again to from a larger 3D structure Quaternary Structure of a Protein - Answer️️ -protein structure is a protein consisting of more than one folded amino acid chai