AP Bio Concepts Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

AP Bio Concepts Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions A feature of amino acids NOT found in carbohydrates is the presence of - Answer️️ - Nitrogen Atoms Active Transport - Answer️️ -movement of a substance against its concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) Alleles - Answer️️ -is one of two or more forms of a gene. Different alleles can result in different traits, such as color. Other times, different alleles will have the same result in the expression of a gene. Altruism - Answer️️ -selfless concern for the welfare of others. An action potential - Answer️️ -A short-term change in the electrical potential on the surface of a cell. Anaphase I - Answer️️ -begins when the two chromosomes of each bivalent (tetrad) separate and start moving toward opposite poles of the cell as a result of the action of the spindle. Annelid - Answer️️ -Any of various worms or wormlike animals of the phylum Annelida, characterized by an elongated, cylindrical, segmented body and including the earthworm and leech. Arteries - Answer️️ -are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Tuesday, September 3, 2024 10:30 AM Page | 2 Asexual reproduction - Answer️️ -a mode of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single parent, and inherit the genes of that parent only, it is reproduction which does not involve meiosis, ploidy reduction, or fertilization. Auxins - Answer️️ -A class of plant growth substances and morphogens. Binary fission - Answer️️ -Asexual reproduction in bacteria. Biomass - Answer️️ -A renewable energy source, is biological material from living, or recently living organisms, such as wood, waste, (hydrogen) gas, and alcohol fuels. Bone - Answer️️ -rigid organs that constitute part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates Bryophytes - Answer️️ -embryophytes (land plants) that do not have true vascular tissue and are therefore called 'non-vascular plants. Budding - Answer️️ -Asexual reproduction in yeasts in which smaller cells grow from a parent cell. Calcitonin - Answer️️ -A 32-amino acid linear polypeptide hormone that is produced in humans primarily by the parafollicular cells thyroid, and in many other animals in the ultimobranchial body. Cartilage - Answer️️ -flexible connective tissue found in many areas in the bodies of humans and other animals Cellulose - Answer️️ -A substance that cannot be broken down by cows. Characteristics of bacteria - Answer️️ -Prokaryotes, meaning they do not have membrane bound organelles. Also true bacteria have a peptidoglycan cell wall. Characteristics of bacteria & Fungi - Answer️️ -Cell wall, DNA, and plasma membrane. Characteristics of water - Answer️️ -*Water's cohesive behavior ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Tuesday, September 3, 2024 10:30 AM Page | 3 *Its ability to moderate temperature *Its expansion upon freezing *Its versatility as a solvent. Chlorophyll a - Answer️️ -A specific form of chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light. Chlorophyll b - Answer️️ -Helps in photosynthesis by absorbing light energy. It is more soluble than chlorophyll a because of its carbonyl group. Class - Answer️️ -A rank used in the biological taxonomy of all organisms. Class Amphibia - Answer️️ -Animals that respire through their gills, lungs and moist, soft skin. Class Aves - Answer️️ -Homeotherms with hollow, air-filled bones. Class Reptilia - Answer️️ -Cold-blooded animals with dry, scaly bodies and lay eggs with leathery shells. Coenzymes - Answer️️ -Small organic molecules that link t