Test Bank For Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards and Practice Fourth Edition By Sue C. DeLaune and Patricia K. Ladner | Complete Study Guide.

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,CHAPTER 1: EVOLUTION OF NURSING AND NURSING EDUCATION
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MULTIPLE CHOICE rl




1. The nurse realizes that the primary focus of nursing is on the:
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a. illness. c. treatment of the illness. rl rl rl



b. cause of the illness. d. client‘s response to the illness.
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ANS: D
Nursing requires a delicate balance of promoting clients‘ independence and dependence. Nursing
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focuses not on illness but rather on the client‘s response to illness. The practice of physicians or
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medicine focuses on the cause of the illness and the treatment of the illness.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Introduction

2. While studying the history of nursing, the nurse realizes that the first hospital in the West
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wasestablished by:
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a. Fabiola. c. Florence Nightingale. rl



b. Hygiea. d. Dorothea Dix. rl




ANS: A
Fabiola founded the first hospital in 390 AD. Hygiea was the goddess of health according to the
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ancient Greeks. Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing, and she
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livedfrom 1820 to 1910. Dorothea Dix practiced nursing during the Civil War.
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PTS: rl rl rl r l 1 DIF: rl rl rl r l Analysis rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl r l REF: rl rl r l Table 1-1| Evolution of Nursing rl rl rl rl




3. The nurse realizes that religion affected the development of nursing which began:
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a. in India around 800-600 BC.
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b. during the Roman Empire. d. at the time of the Renaissance.
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ANS: A
The strong influence of religions on the development of nursing started in India between 800 to
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600 BC. The crusades of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance occurred after 600 BC. There is
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nodocumentation of religious influences on the development of nursing during the Roman
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Empire.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Religious Influences rl




4. Reflecting on the impact of wars on the evolution of nursing, the nurse realizes that:
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a. the need for nurses increased during and after major wars.
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b. poor conditions during wars caused a decline in nursing care.
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c. wars have been the stimulus for most nursing advances.
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d. wars have had little effect on the evolution of nursing.
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ANS: A
During wartime, the need for nurses increases dramatically, both at home and in the field. Poor
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conditions during wars did not cause a decline in nursing care. Wars may or may not have been
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thestimulus for nursing advances; however, wars have effected the evolution of nursing care.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Demands of War rl rl




5. The nurse realizes that which of the following is a belief that Florence Nightingale had
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aboutnursing education?
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a. Basing education on a holistic framework inclusive of illness and health rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




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, b. Needing a practical basis for nursing practice rl rl rl rl rl rl



c. Creating an environment that serves physicians is most important rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl



d. Basing the nursing curriculum on medical knowledge rl rl rl rl rl rl




ANS: A
Florence Nightingale had specific beliefs about nursing education. The first is that it is based
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upona holistic framework inclusive of illness and health. Nightingale also believed that there is a
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needfor a theoretical basis for nursing practice and not a practical basis. She also believed in the
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importance of creating an environment that promotes healing and not an environment that
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servedphysicians. One additional belief was that the nursing curriculum should be based upon
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nursing knowledge and not medical knowledge.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Florence Nightingale (1820 - 1910) rl rl rl rl




6. The nurserealizes that the Nightingale Training School of Nurses at St. Thomas‘s Hospital
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inLondon was:
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a. thefirst school of nursing in the West.
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b. thefirst nursing school to provide both theory-based knowledge and clinical skill building.
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c. the first school of nursing to accept women.
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d. established to provide nurses to fight in the Crimean War. rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




ANS: B
The Nightingale Training School of Nurses at St. Thomas‘s Hospital in London was the first
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school for nurses that provided both theory-based knowledge and clinical skills. This was not
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thefirst school of nursing in the West nor the first school of nursing to accept women. This school
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was not established to provide nurses to fight in the Crimean War.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Florence Nightingale (1820 - 1910) rl rl rl rl




7. The nurse, considering home care nursing, realizes that Lillian Wald is noted as being:
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a. the first nurse to graduate from a school of nursing in the United States.
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b. Superintendent of Nurses during the Civil War. rl rl rl rl rl rl



c. the first community health nurse.
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d. thefounder of the American Nurses Association.
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ANS: C
Lillian Wald spent her life providing nursing care to the indigent and, in 1893, as the first
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community health nurse, she founded public health nursing with the establishment of the Henry
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Street Settlement Service. Wald was not the first nurse to graduate from a school of nursing in
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theUnited States nor was she the Superintendent of Nurses during the Civil War. She was not
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the founder of the American Nurses Association.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Nursing Pioneers and Leaders: Lillian Wald rl rl rl rl rl




8. The nurse, giving direction to a nursing assistant for client care, realizes that which of the
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following nurse leaders opposed the movement to put untrained nursing aides under the
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controlof physicians during World War I?
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a. Clara Barton c. AnnieGoodrich
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b. Isabel Hampton Robb d. Jane Delano rl rl rl




ANS: D
During World War I, Delano was opposed to the aide education plan created by physicians who
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wanted the Red Cross to put untrained nursing aides at their sides to assist with war casualties.
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Annie Goodrich was in favor of the physicians‘ aide education plan. Robb was a supporter of
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therights of nursing students. Clara Barton was a nurse during the Civil War.
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, PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Nursing Pioneers and Leaders rl rl rl




9. The nurse, assisting nursing students with providing client care, realizes that Isabel Hampton
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Robbis noted for which of the following?
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a. Opposing the organization of nurses rl rl rl rl



b. Establishing the American Red Cross rl rl rl rl



c. Believing that the nursing student was a learner, not an employee rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl



d. Establishing the Frontier Nursing Service rl rl rl rl




ANS: C
Isabel Hampton Robb was an early supporter of the rights of nursing students and emphasized
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therole of the nursing student as a learner instead of an employee. Robb did not oppose the
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organization of nurses since she founded several nursing organizations. Robb did not establish
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theAmerican Red Cross nor did she establish the Frontier Nursing Service.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Nursing Pioneers and Leaders rl rl rl




10. While researching a client health care issue, the nurse realizes that the nurse who wrote one of
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thefirst nursing textbooks was:
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a. Lavinia Dock. rl



b. Mary Breckinridge. rl



c. Martha Franklin. rl



d. AmeliaGreenwald. rl




ANS: A
Lavinia Dock was an influential leader in American nursing education; she wrote one of the first
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nursing textbooks as well as being the first editor of the American Journal of Nursing. Mary
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Breckinridge created the Frontier Nursing Service. Martha Franklin advocated for racial equality
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innursing. Amelia Greenwald was a catalyst for international public health nursing.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Nursing Pioneers and Leaders rl rl rl




11. While documenting in a client‘s record, the nurse remembers that the nurse leader who
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introducedthe practice of keeping nurses‘ notes was:
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a. Mamie Hale. c. Harriet Neuton Phillips.
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b. Mary Mahoney. d. Linda Richards.
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ANS: D
Linda Richards introduced the practice of keeping nurses‘ notes and physicians‘ orders as part
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ofmedical records. Mamie Hale upgraded the educational programs for midwives. Mary
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Mahoneywas America‘s first African American professional nurse. Harriet Neuton Phillips was
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the first American nurse to receive a training certificate.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: Nursing Pioneers and Leaders rl rl rl




12. Whilereviewing a client‘s health insurance plan, the nurse remembers that the first
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prepaidmedical plan was started in:
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a. Pacific Northwest lumber and mining camps. rl rl rl rl rl



b. Chicago.
c. New York City. rl rl



d. Washington
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