HUN 1201 - Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

HUN 1201 - Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals - Answer️️ -are the six classes of nutrients Essential nutrients - Answer️️ -are nutrients must be derived from food; the body cannot make them Carbohydrates, fats, proteins - Answer️️ -major fuels, are organic (carbon containing), and energy-yielding Vitamins - Answer️️ -are organic; yield no energy; facilitate release of energy Minerals - Answer️️ -are inorganic; yield no energy; regulate the release of energy and other roles Water - Answer️️ -inorganic medium where all body processes take place 1 kcal - Answer️️ -= 1 calories Carbohydrates and proteins - Answer️️ -both 4 kcals of energy per gram Fat - Answer️️ -9 kcals of energy per gram; greatest energy density Alcohol - Answer️️ -contributes energy; 7 kcals per gram; not a nutrient mixture - Answer️️ -Most foods have a ________ of all three energy-yielding nutrients Pure foods - Answer️️ -sugar (carbohydrate); oil (fat) fat - Answer️️ -too many kcals from any of the nutrients will be stored as _____ ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR 7:59 PM Page | 2 Dietary reference intakes (DRI) - Answer️️ -sets of values set by nutrition experts to be used as nutrient intake goals by healthy people in the US and Canada Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answer️️ -goals for individuals; based on solid scientific evidence; foundation of DRI Adequate Intake (AI) - Answer️️ -goals for individuals; based on less extensive findings and more on judgement; usually established when there is not enough scientific evidence to establish an RDA Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) - Answer️️ -goals for groups; average requirements for given life stage and gender groups Tolerable upper intake level (UL) - Answer️️ -helps prevent nutrient toxicity by establishing upper limits of intake for nutrients posing a hazard when consumed in excess Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) - Answer️️ -energy intake from food should be matched with energy expenditure; values depend on age, gender, weight, height, and physical activity Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) - Answer️️ -healthy ranges of intakes for carbohydrates, fat, and protein 45-65 - Answer️️ -According to AMDR, carbohydrates should account for ____-____% of daily kcals 10-35 - Answer️️ -According to AMDR, proteins should account for ____-____% of daily kcals ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR 7:59 PM Page | 3 20-35 - Answer️️ -According to AMDR, fat should account for ____-____% of daily kcals adequacy, balance, kcal control, nutrient density, moderation, and variety - Answer️️ - are characteristics of a nutritious diet Leading causes of death in the US - Answer️️ -1. Heart disease 2. Cancer 4. Stroke 7. Diabetes 150, 75, 30 - Answer️️ -For heath benefits, ____ minutes per wk of moderate-intensity or ______ minutes per wk of vigorous intensity; ____ minutes of physical activity each day 300, 150 - Answer️️ -For extensive heath benefits, ____ minutes per wk of moderate- intensity or ______ minutes per wk of vigorous intensity all, 2 - Answer️️ -muscle strengthening involving ____ major muscle