MRSE Exam Questions and Answers |
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Formula for temperature change in a patient
✓ -:- dTp/dt = SAR/C, where C = 4186 J/kg, Tp = temperature
How much does liquid helium expand when transitioning to gaseous helium?
✓ -:- >700x
Electric field density (JE) formula
✓ -:- JE = Conductivity x electric field strength x B0 x V where V = velocity?
What is the most accurate way to measure energy dose to the patient?
✓ -:- B1 + rms
Kinetic stability
✓ -:- The rate at which a gadolinium agent dissociates
Thermodynamic stability
✓ -:- the change that a gadolinium agent will transmetallate
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Diamagnetic
✓ -:- Very small negative magnetic susceptibility (X), two electrons in an orbital
Paramagnetic
✓ -:- Very small positive magnetic susceptibility (X), one electron in an orbital
Ferromagnetic
✓ -:- very large positive magnetic susceptibility (X), domains of directional
magnetism that can align with an external field, retains magnetism after being
removed from field
RF Pulse power (heating) formula
✓ -:- Power = Flip Angle ^2 x (Tp / Tr) where Tp = pulse duration, Tr =
Slew rate formula
✓ -:- Maximum Gradient Strength (mT/m) / Rise Time (ms)
What parameters can be changed to reduce Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS)?
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✓ -:- Increase rise time (reduces slew rate), decrease matrix/phase encoding
(reduces slope of gradient), increasing slice thickness (shallower slice selection
gradient), increase FOV (shallower frequency encoding gradient), phase noise-
canceling (opposite frequency to noise), increase echo time TE
Nitinol is (paramagnetic/diamagnet/ferromagnetic)
✓ -:- paramagnetic
What quantitative property of the gradient coils is responsible for Peripheral Nerve
Stimulation (PNS)?
✓ -:- slew rate
What contrast agents are the most stable?
✓ -:- macrocyclic, ionic
What is a common dose of gadolinium?
✓ -:- 0.1 mmol/kg
In what direction relative to the magnetic flux will the strongest Lenz's force be produced?
✓ -:- antiparallel
What is the ASTM duration of time defined for heating effects?
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✓ -:- 15 mins continuous scanning
Where is translational force at a maximum?
✓ -:- edge of bore
Where is translational force at a minimum?
✓ -:- isocenter
Where is rotational force at a maximum?
✓ -:- isocenter
Where are gradient fields at their maximum?
✓ -:- inner periphery of bore
Do gradient fields extend outside the bore?
✓ -:- yes
Do RF fields extend outside the bore?
✓ -:- no
What kind of stainless steel is NOT ferritic?
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