Pathophysiology Final Exam
What is allergic asthma related to? - ANSType 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? - ANSSOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli near),
Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of anxiety pneumothorax? - ANSPressure that builds up and pushes the
trachea towards the unaffected aspect; Absent breath sounds over affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? - ANSExcessive mucous coating within the lungs and pancreas; Genetic
Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: - ANSWheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea,
Tachypnea (fast respiratory)
How do you interpret ABG's? - ANS1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. Indicator) - much less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) extra than 26 (alkalosis)
four. Determine primary sickness (fits the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to ordinary or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What takes place to the pH/CO2? - ANSElevation (growth) of pCO2 --
Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What takes place to the pH/CO2? - ANSDepression (lower) of pCO2 --
Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What occurs to the pH/HCO3? - ANSDepression (decrease) of HCO3 --
Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - ANSElevation (growth) of HCO3 --
Increased pH (alkalosis)
What are symptoms of renal cancer? - ANSNo ache! Hematuria (Blood inside the Urine)
How do you control give up level renal disease? - ANSDialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low Protein
Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give Erythropoietin
Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic)
What do you name kidney pain? - ANSNephralgia
, What is the maximum helpful take a look at to determine renal feature? - ANSCreatinine
What micro organism is related to acute pyelonephritis? - ANSE. Coli
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney failure? - ANSHypovolemia - Give Fluids
What causes acute intrarenal failure? - ANSKidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal Ischemia
What do we see related to SIADH? - ANSFluid Retention (edema), Crackles in Lungs,
Hypertension, Decreased Sodium (diluted)
What causes myxedema coma? - ANSHypothyroidism
What is the primary underlying condition for Type I and Type II Diabetes? - ANSImpaired
Glucose Transport
What is the difference among Type I and Type II Diabetes? - ANSType I - Complete loss of
insulin (Hyperglycemia)
Type II - Insulin resistance on the cells
What could we see with hypoparathyroidism? - ANSDecrease of Calcium (softer bones),
Positive Chvostek's Sign, Tetany/Hyperactivity of Muscles/Tremors
What is the therapy for Type I Diabetes? - ANSGive Insulin
What is the therapy for Type II Diabetes? - ANSDiet, Exercise, Oral Antihyperglycemic Medicine
(sensitizes cells to take in insulin)
What are some complications of Diabetes? - ANSParesthesia, Neuropathy, Retinopathy,
Cardiac Problems, Hypertension, Nephropathy
What is Celiac Spruce? What need to you avoid? - ANSGluten Intolerance
Avoid Wheat Products: Wheat, Rye, Barley
What can we associate with hepatic encephalopathy? - ANSIncreased Ammonia Levels
How do histamine antagonists work to manipulate peptic ulcer sickness? - ANSActs of H2
receptors - Coats the stomach and decreases the secretion of belly acids
What are the 2 kinds of inflammatory bowel problems? - ANSChron's Disease
Ulcerative Colitis
Chron's Disease - ANSHardening of the smooth muscle groups - things are not being absorbed.
What is allergic asthma related to? - ANSType 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? - ANSSOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli near),
Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of anxiety pneumothorax? - ANSPressure that builds up and pushes the
trachea towards the unaffected aspect; Absent breath sounds over affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? - ANSExcessive mucous coating within the lungs and pancreas; Genetic
Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: - ANSWheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea,
Tachypnea (fast respiratory)
How do you interpret ABG's? - ANS1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. Indicator) - much less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) extra than 26 (alkalosis)
four. Determine primary sickness (fits the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to ordinary or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What takes place to the pH/CO2? - ANSElevation (growth) of pCO2 --
Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What takes place to the pH/CO2? - ANSDepression (lower) of pCO2 --
Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What occurs to the pH/HCO3? - ANSDepression (decrease) of HCO3 --
Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - ANSElevation (growth) of HCO3 --
Increased pH (alkalosis)
What are symptoms of renal cancer? - ANSNo ache! Hematuria (Blood inside the Urine)
How do you control give up level renal disease? - ANSDialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low Protein
Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give Erythropoietin
Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic)
What do you name kidney pain? - ANSNephralgia
, What is the maximum helpful take a look at to determine renal feature? - ANSCreatinine
What micro organism is related to acute pyelonephritis? - ANSE. Coli
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney failure? - ANSHypovolemia - Give Fluids
What causes acute intrarenal failure? - ANSKidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal Ischemia
What do we see related to SIADH? - ANSFluid Retention (edema), Crackles in Lungs,
Hypertension, Decreased Sodium (diluted)
What causes myxedema coma? - ANSHypothyroidism
What is the primary underlying condition for Type I and Type II Diabetes? - ANSImpaired
Glucose Transport
What is the difference among Type I and Type II Diabetes? - ANSType I - Complete loss of
insulin (Hyperglycemia)
Type II - Insulin resistance on the cells
What could we see with hypoparathyroidism? - ANSDecrease of Calcium (softer bones),
Positive Chvostek's Sign, Tetany/Hyperactivity of Muscles/Tremors
What is the therapy for Type I Diabetes? - ANSGive Insulin
What is the therapy for Type II Diabetes? - ANSDiet, Exercise, Oral Antihyperglycemic Medicine
(sensitizes cells to take in insulin)
What are some complications of Diabetes? - ANSParesthesia, Neuropathy, Retinopathy,
Cardiac Problems, Hypertension, Nephropathy
What is Celiac Spruce? What need to you avoid? - ANSGluten Intolerance
Avoid Wheat Products: Wheat, Rye, Barley
What can we associate with hepatic encephalopathy? - ANSIncreased Ammonia Levels
How do histamine antagonists work to manipulate peptic ulcer sickness? - ANSActs of H2
receptors - Coats the stomach and decreases the secretion of belly acids
What are the 2 kinds of inflammatory bowel problems? - ANSChron's Disease
Ulcerative Colitis
Chron's Disease - ANSHardening of the smooth muscle groups - things are not being absorbed.
