Air Methods Clinical Exam With Complete Solutions Graded A+
Formula CPP MAP - ICP = CPP MAP SBP + 2(DBP) / 3 = MAP Range for CPP 50 - 80 mmHg
S/S Neurogenic Shock Recent trauma. Loss of sympathetic tone, rapid onset
hypotension. Possibly bradycardia, warm flushed skin, potentially priapism. Head Injury
(Epidural) "MMA" LOC, then lucid interval, then LOC Head Injury (Subarachnoid
Hemorrhage) Life Threatening, "thunderclap headache"
Subdural Head Injury - Answer Slow onset
Most common in elderly and children.
Norepinephrine (Levophed) Effect - Answer Increases systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
causing increased vasoconstriction (Increased Preload)
Positive Inotropic/Chronotropic Effects
Increase or maintain cardiac output.
Dobutamine Effect - Answer Positive Inotropy & Chronotropy & Peripheral Vasodilation
Which will increase cardiac output
Increased stroke volume and HR
Dopamine Effect - Answer Sympathomimetic
Inotropic and Chronotropic Effect
Gold Standard For Intubation Placement - Answer ECO2 Waveform
High PEEP Effects - Answer Over inflation, barotrauma, elevated intrathoracic pressure
causing decreased venous return causing decreased cardiac output.
Formula CPP MAP - ICP = CPP MAP SBP + 2(DBP) / 3 = MAP Range for CPP 50 - 80 mmHg
S/S Neurogenic Shock Recent trauma. Loss of sympathetic tone, rapid onset
hypotension. Possibly bradycardia, warm flushed skin, potentially priapism. Head Injury
(Epidural) "MMA" LOC, then lucid interval, then LOC Head Injury (Subarachnoid
Hemorrhage) Life Threatening, "thunderclap headache"
Subdural Head Injury - Answer Slow onset
Most common in elderly and children.
Norepinephrine (Levophed) Effect - Answer Increases systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
causing increased vasoconstriction (Increased Preload)
Positive Inotropic/Chronotropic Effects
Increase or maintain cardiac output.
Dobutamine Effect - Answer Positive Inotropy & Chronotropy & Peripheral Vasodilation
Which will increase cardiac output
Increased stroke volume and HR
Dopamine Effect - Answer Sympathomimetic
Inotropic and Chronotropic Effect
Gold Standard For Intubation Placement - Answer ECO2 Waveform
High PEEP Effects - Answer Over inflation, barotrauma, elevated intrathoracic pressure
causing decreased venous return causing decreased cardiac output.
