Exam-BIOL 1108 Exam 1 (COVID 19) ppts + simbio + ITNs
+ notes- Qs & As
virus CORRECT ANS-an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a
protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within
the living cells of a host. made of DNA or RNA contained in a capsid.
bacteria v. virus CORRECT ANS-bacteria are living and can respond to antibiotics. viruses
are btwn living and nonliving, no antibiotic treatment.
capsid CORRECT ANS-protein layer that surrounds and protects the nucleic acids.
viral envelopes CORRECT ANS-cover the protien capsid. some include viral glycoprotiens
that are on the outside of the envelope that bind to receptor sites on the host membrane.
after this happens, capsid and viral genome enter the host and infect.
naked virus CORRECT ANS-A virus that lacks an envelope is classified as a "naked" virus, it
only has the protein capsid.
What are glycoproteins? CORRECT ANS-Membrane carbohydrates covalently bonded to
proteins.
, Exam-BIOL 1108 Exam 1 (COVID 19) ppts + simbio + ITNs
+ notes- Qs & As
What is glycosylation? CORRECT ANS-The process of attaching carbohydrates to proteins.
Where are viral glycoproteins located? CORRECT ANS-On the surface of virions.
What is the role of viral glycoproteins? CORRECT ANS-recognize and interact with host
cells, initiate infection (either through membrane fusion or triggering endocytosis) and evade
the immune system.
best way to kill a virus CORRECT ANS-soap and water - hydrophobic tails of the soap
molecules will evade water by going into the virus membrane, causing it to burst.
what strain caused most of the COVID cases in the US? CORRECT ANS-FLiRT strain,
subvariant of Omicron. (FLiRT = specific amino acid position that causes mutations)
Why do viruses mutate at such high rates? CORRECT ANS-Mutation rate = the number of
nucleotide substitutions/deletions/additions per generation. ssDNA/RNA is single stranded,
+ notes- Qs & As
virus CORRECT ANS-an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a
protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within
the living cells of a host. made of DNA or RNA contained in a capsid.
bacteria v. virus CORRECT ANS-bacteria are living and can respond to antibiotics. viruses
are btwn living and nonliving, no antibiotic treatment.
capsid CORRECT ANS-protein layer that surrounds and protects the nucleic acids.
viral envelopes CORRECT ANS-cover the protien capsid. some include viral glycoprotiens
that are on the outside of the envelope that bind to receptor sites on the host membrane.
after this happens, capsid and viral genome enter the host and infect.
naked virus CORRECT ANS-A virus that lacks an envelope is classified as a "naked" virus, it
only has the protein capsid.
What are glycoproteins? CORRECT ANS-Membrane carbohydrates covalently bonded to
proteins.
, Exam-BIOL 1108 Exam 1 (COVID 19) ppts + simbio + ITNs
+ notes- Qs & As
What is glycosylation? CORRECT ANS-The process of attaching carbohydrates to proteins.
Where are viral glycoproteins located? CORRECT ANS-On the surface of virions.
What is the role of viral glycoproteins? CORRECT ANS-recognize and interact with host
cells, initiate infection (either through membrane fusion or triggering endocytosis) and evade
the immune system.
best way to kill a virus CORRECT ANS-soap and water - hydrophobic tails of the soap
molecules will evade water by going into the virus membrane, causing it to burst.
what strain caused most of the COVID cases in the US? CORRECT ANS-FLiRT strain,
subvariant of Omicron. (FLiRT = specific amino acid position that causes mutations)
Why do viruses mutate at such high rates? CORRECT ANS-Mutation rate = the number of
nucleotide substitutions/deletions/additions per generation. ssDNA/RNA is single stranded,
