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NR 507: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

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NR 507: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

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NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology
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NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology










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Institution
NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology
Course
NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology

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Uploaded on
September 10, 2024
Number of pages
22
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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Questions & answers

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  • nr 507 advanced pathophysiology midterm questions

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NR 507: ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
AsthmaE-
EANSWEREChronicEdiseaseEdueEtoEbronchoconstrictionEandEanEexcessiveEinflammatoryEresponseEinEtheEbro

nchioles



WhatEareE5Es/sEofEasthmaE-EANSWEREcoughingE

wheezingE

shortnessEofEbreathE

rapidEbreathingE

chestEtightness



PathophysiologyEofEasthmaE(5)E-EANSWERE-airwayEinflammation,EbronchialEhyper-
reactivityEandEsmoothEmuscleEspasm

-excessEmucusEproductionEandEaccumulationE

-hypertrophyEofEbronchialEsmoothEmuscleE

-airflowEobstructionE

-decreasedEalveolarEventilation



BronchiolesE-EANSWEREsmallerEpassagewaysEthatEoriginateEfromEtheEbronchiEthatEbecomeEtheEalveoli



3ElayersEofEtheEbronchiolesE-EANSWEREinnermostElayerE

middleElayerE-ElaminaEpropriaE

outermostElayer



laminaEpropriaE-EANSWEREtheEmiddleElayerEofEtheEbronchioles

,structureEofEtheElaminaEpropriaE-EANSWEREembeddedEwithEconnectiveEtissueEcellsEandEimmuneEcells



purposeEofEtheElaminaEpropriaE-EANSWEREwhiteEbloodEcellsEareEpresentEtoEhelpEprotectEtheEairways



HowEdoesEtheElaminaEpropriaEeffectEtheElungsEinEregardsEtoEasthmaE-
EANSWEREtheEWBCsEprotectiveEfeatureEgoesEintoEoverdriveEcausingEanEinflammatoryEresponseEthatEdamag

esEhostEtissue



WhatEdoesEtheEinnermostElayerEofEtheEbronchiolesEcontainE-
EANSWEREcolumnarEepithelialEellsEandEmucusEproducingEgobletEcells




WhatEdoesEtheEoutermostElayerEofEtheEbronchiolesEcontainE-EANSWEREsmoothEmuscleEcells



whatEdoesEtheEoutermostElayerEofEtheEbronchiolesEdoE-
EANSWEREcontrolEtheEairwaysEabilityEtoEconstrictEandEdilate




alveolarEhyperinflationE-
EANSWEREWhenEairEisEunableEtoEmoveEoutEofEtheEalveolarElikeEitEshouldEdueEtoEbronchialEwallsEcollapsingEa

roundEpossibleEmucusEplugEthusEtrappingEairEinside



howEdoesEhyperinflationEoccur?E-
EANSWEREtheEongoingEinflammatoryEprocessEofEasthmaEproducesEmucusEandEpusEplugEthatEtheEbronchialE

wallsEcollapseEaround



EffectEofEhyperinflationEofEtheEalveolarE-EANSWERE-expandedEthoraxEandEhypercapniaE(retentionEofECO2)E

-ErespiratoryEacidosis



WhatEareEtwoEanticholinergicEdrugsEusedEforEasthmaE-EANSWEREtiotropiumEandEipratropium



WhatEdoEanticholinergicsEdoEinEtheElungs?E-
EANSWERETheseEdrugsEblockEtheEeffectsEofEtheEparasympatheticEnervousEsystemE



-EincreasingEbronchodilation

, MOAEofEanticholinergicEdrugsEforEasthmaE-
EANSWEREtheEparasympatheticEsystemEisEstimulatedEbyEtheEvagalEnerveEtoEreleaseEacetylcholineEwhichEbin

dsEtoEtheEcholinergicEreceptorsEofEtheErespiratoryEtractEtoEcauseEbronchialEconstrictionE=EdecreasedEairflow
E




-EblockingEtheEcholinergicEreceptorsEpreventsEacetylcholineEbindingEpreventingEtheEbronchialEconstriction



bronchitisE-EANSWEREinflammationEofEtheEbronchialEtubes



3EcharacteristicsEofEbronchitisE-EANSWEREbronchialEinflammation

hypersecretionEofEmucusE

chronicEproductiveEcoughEforEatEleastE3EconsecutiveEmonthsEforEatEleastE2EsuccessiveEyears



PerfusionE-
EANSWERETheEsupplyEofEoxygenEtoEandEremovalEofEwastesEfromEtheEcellsEandEtissuesEofEtheEbodyEasEaEresul

tEofEtheEflowEofEbloodEthroughEtheEcapillaries.



resultsEofEchronicEbronchitis/ElowEperfusionE-EANSWEREcyanosisE

rightEtoEleftEshuntingE

chronicEhypoxemia



WhyEisEthereEcyanosisEwithEchronicEbronchitisE-
EANSWEREthereEisEhypoxiaEdueEtoEunfavorableEconditionsEforEgasEexchange




RightEtoEleftEshuntingE-
EANSWEREwhenEbloodEpassesEfromEtheErightEventricleEthroughEtheElungsEandEtoEtheEleftEventricleEwithoutE

perfusion



CausesEofEbronchitisE-EANSWERE-longEtermEexposureEtoEenvironmentalEirritantsE

-repeatedEepisodesEofEacuteEinfectionE(RSVEinfectionEinEearlyEinfancy)

-FactorsEaffectingEgestationalEchildhoodElungEdevelopmentE(pretermEbirth)
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