MENTAL HEALTH NURSING
Factors influencing Mental Health
1. Individual
a. Person’s biological makeup
b. Autonomy
c. Independence
d. Self-esteem
e. Capacity for growth
f. Vitality
g. Ability to find meaning in life
h. Emotional resilience
i. Sense of belonging
j. Reality orientation
k. coping/ stress management abilities
2. Interpersonal
a. Effective communication
b. Ability to help others
c. Intimacy
d. Balance of separateness and connectedness
3. Social/ cultural/ environmental
a. Sense of community
b. Access to adequate resources
c. Intolerance of violence
d. Support of diversity among people
e. Mastery of the environment
f. Positive yet realistic view of one’s world
MENTAL ILLNESS
- Disorders that affect mood, behavior and thinking
- Causes significant distress or impaired functioning
- Dissatisfaction with self, relationships, and ineffective coping
- Daily life can seem overwhelming or unbearable
Factors contributing to Mental Illnesses
1. Individual
a. Biological makeup
b. Intolerable or unrealistic worries or fears
c. Inability to distinguish reality from fantasy
d. Intolerance of life’s uncertainties
e. Sense of disharmony in life
f. Loss of meaning in one’s life
2. Interpersonal
a. Ineffective communication
b. Excessive dependency or withdrawal from relationships
, c. No sense of belonging
d. Inadequate social support
e. Loss of emotional control
3. Social
a. Lack of resources
b. Violence
c. Homelessness
d. Poverty
e. Unwarranted negative view of the world
f. Discrimination
DSM 5 PURPOSES
- Provide standardized nomenclature
- Defines characteristics or symptoms
- Assist in identifying the underlying cause of disorders
HISTORY OF MENTAL HEALTH
★ Early christian times: mentally ill = possessed, therefore exorcisms were done and brutal measures
done
★ Period of Enlightenment: asylum as a safe refuge for mentally ill; Dorothea DIx opened state hospitals
that offered asylum to the suffering (advocated shelter, nutritious food, and warm clothing)
★ Study of mental disorders and creation of treatment : Freud, Kraepelin and Bleuler
Deinstitutionalization
- Care was shifted from state hospitals → community facilities
- Provided emergency care, inpatient and outpatient services, screening services and education
- (-) effect: revolving door effect : short hospital stays but with frequent repeated hospital admissions
> rehospitalization is greatly affected by alcohol and drug use which exacerbates symptoms
21st century
- 18–25yo : highest prevalence of Mental Illness & the lowest percent of people receiving treatment
NURSING THEORISTS
1. Hildegard Peplau : Therapeutic nurse–client relationship
2. June Mellow : Psychosocial needs and strengths
Factors influencing Mental Health
1. Individual
a. Person’s biological makeup
b. Autonomy
c. Independence
d. Self-esteem
e. Capacity for growth
f. Vitality
g. Ability to find meaning in life
h. Emotional resilience
i. Sense of belonging
j. Reality orientation
k. coping/ stress management abilities
2. Interpersonal
a. Effective communication
b. Ability to help others
c. Intimacy
d. Balance of separateness and connectedness
3. Social/ cultural/ environmental
a. Sense of community
b. Access to adequate resources
c. Intolerance of violence
d. Support of diversity among people
e. Mastery of the environment
f. Positive yet realistic view of one’s world
MENTAL ILLNESS
- Disorders that affect mood, behavior and thinking
- Causes significant distress or impaired functioning
- Dissatisfaction with self, relationships, and ineffective coping
- Daily life can seem overwhelming or unbearable
Factors contributing to Mental Illnesses
1. Individual
a. Biological makeup
b. Intolerable or unrealistic worries or fears
c. Inability to distinguish reality from fantasy
d. Intolerance of life’s uncertainties
e. Sense of disharmony in life
f. Loss of meaning in one’s life
2. Interpersonal
a. Ineffective communication
b. Excessive dependency or withdrawal from relationships
, c. No sense of belonging
d. Inadequate social support
e. Loss of emotional control
3. Social
a. Lack of resources
b. Violence
c. Homelessness
d. Poverty
e. Unwarranted negative view of the world
f. Discrimination
DSM 5 PURPOSES
- Provide standardized nomenclature
- Defines characteristics or symptoms
- Assist in identifying the underlying cause of disorders
HISTORY OF MENTAL HEALTH
★ Early christian times: mentally ill = possessed, therefore exorcisms were done and brutal measures
done
★ Period of Enlightenment: asylum as a safe refuge for mentally ill; Dorothea DIx opened state hospitals
that offered asylum to the suffering (advocated shelter, nutritious food, and warm clothing)
★ Study of mental disorders and creation of treatment : Freud, Kraepelin and Bleuler
Deinstitutionalization
- Care was shifted from state hospitals → community facilities
- Provided emergency care, inpatient and outpatient services, screening services and education
- (-) effect: revolving door effect : short hospital stays but with frequent repeated hospital admissions
> rehospitalization is greatly affected by alcohol and drug use which exacerbates symptoms
21st century
- 18–25yo : highest prevalence of Mental Illness & the lowest percent of people receiving treatment
NURSING THEORISTS
1. Hildegard Peplau : Therapeutic nurse–client relationship
2. June Mellow : Psychosocial needs and strengths
