Can Terry forget about the date and just go purchase a bottle of the cologne? Will the
reaction subside? Why/not? - Answer-The CR will still happen initially but after many
trials CS with no US or cologne without Pat the CR will subside. This is extinction.
/.Christina is bitten by the neighbor's German Shepherd. Now whenever she sees a dog
in the neighborhood, she becomes afraid and runs away. She still enjoys petting her
own family's cocker spaniel.
•What is the conditioned stimulus? Unconditioned stimulus? Conditioned response?
Unconditioned response? - Answer-CS=German Shepherd, US= bitten, UR=pain,
CR=fear
/.Describe Hull's Drive Reduction Theory. - Answer-All behavior is motivated by drive
reduction. Two sources of drive: unconditioned and conditioned. Unconditioned: source
of drives is to restore homeostasis. A physiological need will result in a drive which
produces drive-reducing behaviors. Other drives which are not a result of physiological
needs Hull proposed are acquired by classical conditioning. External cues can trigger
classically conditioned internal drive states which then motivate behavior.
/.Describe response-deprivation theory in your own words and give an example. How is
it different from Premack's principle? - Answer-Response-deprivation theory says that
when you deprive an organism of its usual responsiveness for something then the
organism will want to get back up to its usual level of responding, i.e, if you prohibit a rat
from drinking water it will want to get back to water-drinking and that accounts for
acquisition of conditioning. Premack says that if you want an organism to do a less
probable behavior then you can use a more probable behavior as a reward, like eating
veggies so you can have dessert.
/.Describe Tolman's study of latent learning and describe how this study supports his
theory of purposive behavior. - Answer-Tolman had three groups of rats. Group 1 ran a
maze for a reward at the end, Group 2 ran a maze with no reward at the end, and
Group 3 ran a maze for 10 days with no reward and then on day 11 got a reward. Group
1 learned to run the maze quickly; Group 2 wandered around slowly, Group 3 wandered
slowly until after Day 11 when they got the reward. Then on Day 12 they ran faster than
Group 1. Tolman said all behavior has a direction and a purpose; it's not just a function
of S-R bonds. The presence of reward can influence behavior but it does not drive
behavior. The fact that his rats learned the maze and did not demonstrate that learning
until a reward was introduced suggests that animals do learn in the absence of reward.
reaction subside? Why/not? - Answer-The CR will still happen initially but after many
trials CS with no US or cologne without Pat the CR will subside. This is extinction.
/.Christina is bitten by the neighbor's German Shepherd. Now whenever she sees a dog
in the neighborhood, she becomes afraid and runs away. She still enjoys petting her
own family's cocker spaniel.
•What is the conditioned stimulus? Unconditioned stimulus? Conditioned response?
Unconditioned response? - Answer-CS=German Shepherd, US= bitten, UR=pain,
CR=fear
/.Describe Hull's Drive Reduction Theory. - Answer-All behavior is motivated by drive
reduction. Two sources of drive: unconditioned and conditioned. Unconditioned: source
of drives is to restore homeostasis. A physiological need will result in a drive which
produces drive-reducing behaviors. Other drives which are not a result of physiological
needs Hull proposed are acquired by classical conditioning. External cues can trigger
classically conditioned internal drive states which then motivate behavior.
/.Describe response-deprivation theory in your own words and give an example. How is
it different from Premack's principle? - Answer-Response-deprivation theory says that
when you deprive an organism of its usual responsiveness for something then the
organism will want to get back up to its usual level of responding, i.e, if you prohibit a rat
from drinking water it will want to get back to water-drinking and that accounts for
acquisition of conditioning. Premack says that if you want an organism to do a less
probable behavior then you can use a more probable behavior as a reward, like eating
veggies so you can have dessert.
/.Describe Tolman's study of latent learning and describe how this study supports his
theory of purposive behavior. - Answer-Tolman had three groups of rats. Group 1 ran a
maze for a reward at the end, Group 2 ran a maze with no reward at the end, and
Group 3 ran a maze for 10 days with no reward and then on day 11 got a reward. Group
1 learned to run the maze quickly; Group 2 wandered around slowly, Group 3 wandered
slowly until after Day 11 when they got the reward. Then on Day 12 they ran faster than
Group 1. Tolman said all behavior has a direction and a purpose; it's not just a function
of S-R bonds. The presence of reward can influence behavior but it does not drive
behavior. The fact that his rats learned the maze and did not demonstrate that learning
until a reward was introduced suggests that animals do learn in the absence of reward.
