Honors Biology Semester 1 Final Exam
Review with Complete Solutions
What is the name of the protein complex that helps in the proper alignment and segregation of
chromosomes during mitosis?
✔✔ Kinetochore
What is the term for the process by which cells undergo programmed cell death to remove
damaged or unneeded cells?
✔✔ Apoptosis
What is the name of the organelle responsible for the synthesis and modification of ribosomal
RNA?
✔✔ Nucleolus
What is the term for the modification of a protein after translation, often involving the addition
of carbohydrate groups?
✔✔ Glycosylation
1
,What is the name of the cellular structure that assembles microtubules and is crucial for
maintaining cell shape and structure?
✔✔ Cytoskeleton
What is the term for the genetic exchange between non-sister chromatids of homologous
chromosomes during meiosis?
✔✔ Crossing Over
What is the name of the protein structure that helps to stabilize and organize microtubules during
cell division?
✔✔ Centrioles
What is the term for the cellular process where cells ingest extracellular fluid and dissolved
substances?
✔✔ Pinocytosis
What is the name of the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix ahead of the replication
fork?
✔✔ Helicase
2
, What is the term for the external signaling molecules that bind to specific receptors on the cell
membrane to initiate a response?
✔✔ Ligands
What is the name of the process by which cells release molecules or particles by vesicles fusing
with the cell membrane?
✔✔ Exocytosis
What is the term for the sequence of amino acids that directs the protein to a specific location
within the cell or outside of it?
✔✔ Signal Peptide
What is the name of the specialized cell structure that facilitates the movement of materials
across the cell membrane in plant cells?
✔✔ Plasmodesmata
What is the term for the cellular process that involves the modification and packaging of proteins
and lipids into vesicles?
3
Review with Complete Solutions
What is the name of the protein complex that helps in the proper alignment and segregation of
chromosomes during mitosis?
✔✔ Kinetochore
What is the term for the process by which cells undergo programmed cell death to remove
damaged or unneeded cells?
✔✔ Apoptosis
What is the name of the organelle responsible for the synthesis and modification of ribosomal
RNA?
✔✔ Nucleolus
What is the term for the modification of a protein after translation, often involving the addition
of carbohydrate groups?
✔✔ Glycosylation
1
,What is the name of the cellular structure that assembles microtubules and is crucial for
maintaining cell shape and structure?
✔✔ Cytoskeleton
What is the term for the genetic exchange between non-sister chromatids of homologous
chromosomes during meiosis?
✔✔ Crossing Over
What is the name of the protein structure that helps to stabilize and organize microtubules during
cell division?
✔✔ Centrioles
What is the term for the cellular process where cells ingest extracellular fluid and dissolved
substances?
✔✔ Pinocytosis
What is the name of the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix ahead of the replication
fork?
✔✔ Helicase
2
, What is the term for the external signaling molecules that bind to specific receptors on the cell
membrane to initiate a response?
✔✔ Ligands
What is the name of the process by which cells release molecules or particles by vesicles fusing
with the cell membrane?
✔✔ Exocytosis
What is the term for the sequence of amino acids that directs the protein to a specific location
within the cell or outside of it?
✔✔ Signal Peptide
What is the name of the specialized cell structure that facilitates the movement of materials
across the cell membrane in plant cells?
✔✔ Plasmodesmata
What is the term for the cellular process that involves the modification and packaging of proteins
and lipids into vesicles?
3
