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ISYE 6414 - MIDTERM 1 PREP QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2024

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ISYE 6414 - MIDTERM 1 PREP QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2024

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ISYE 6414
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Institution
ISYE 6414
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ISYE 6414

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Uploaded on
September 7, 2024
Number of pages
22
Written in
2024/2025
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ISYE 6414 - MIDTERM 1 PREP
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS 2024
IfPλ=1P-PANSWERPwePdoPnotPtransform



non-deterministicP-
PANSWERPRegressionPanalysisPisPonePofPthePsimplestPwaysPwePhavePinPstatisticsPtoPinvestigatePthePrelations

hipPbetweenPtwoPorPmorePvariablesPinPaP___Pway



randomP-
PANSWERPThePresponsePvariablePisPaP___Pvariable,PbecausePitPvariesPwithPchangesPinPthePpredictingPvariabl

e,PorPwithPotherPchangesPinPthePenvironment



fixedP-PANSWERPThePpredictingPvariablePisPaP___Pvariable.PItPisPsetPfixed,PbeforePthePresponsePisPmeasured.



simplePlinearPregressionP-
PANSWERPregressionPanalysisPinvolvingPonePindependentPvariablePandPonePdependentPvariablePinPwhichPt

hePrelationshipPbetweenPthePvariablesPisPapproximatedPbyPaPstraightPline



MultiplePLinearPRegressionP-
PANSWERPAPstatisticalPmethodPusedPtoPmodelPthePrelationshipPbetweenPonePdependentP(orPresponse)Pvari

ablePandPtwoPorPmorePindependentP(orPexplanatory)PvariablesPbyPfittingPaPlinearPequationPtoPobservedPdat
a



polynomialPregressionP-
PANSWERPaPregressionPmodelPwhichPdoesPnotPassumePaPlinearPrelationship;PaPcurvilinearPcorrelationPcoeffi

cientPisPcomputedP(wePcanPthinkPofPXPandPX-squaredPasPtwoPdifferentPpredictingPvariables)



threePobjectivesPinPregressionP-PANSWERP1)PPrediction

2)PModeling

3)PTestingPhypothesis

,PredictionP-
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erentPlocation,PifPwePthinkPaboutPaPgeographicPprediction,PorPinPtime,PifPwePthinkPaboutPtemporalPpredictio
n



ModelingP-
PANSWERPmodelingPthePrelationshipPbetweenPthePresponsePvariablePandPthePexplanatoryPvariables,PorPpre

dictingPvariables



TestingPhypothesesP-PANSWERPofPassociationPrelationships



usefulPrepresentationPofPrealityP-
PANSWERPWePdoPnotPbelievePthatPthePlinearPmodelPrepresentsPaPtruePrepresentationPofPreality.PRather,Pwe

PthinkPthat,Pperhaps,PitPprovidesPaP___




β0P-PANSWERPinterceptPparameterP(thePvaluePatPwhichPthePlinePintersectsPthePy-axis)



β1P-PANSWERPslopePparameterP(slopePofPthePlinePweParePtryingPtoPfit)



epsilonP(ε)P-PANSWERPisPthePdeviancePofPthePdataPfromPthePlinearPmodel



toPfindPβ0PandPβ1P-
PANSWERPtoPfindPthePlinePthatPdescribesPaPlinearPrelationship,PsuchPthatPwePfitPthisPmodel.




simplePlinearPregressionPdataPstructureP-
PANSWERPpairsPofPdataPconsistingPofPaPvaluePforPthePresponsePvariable,andPaPvaluePforPthePpredictingPvaria

ble.PAndPwePhavePnPsuchPpairs



modelingPframeworkPforPthePsimplePlinearPregression:P-PANSWERP1)PidentifyingPdataPstructure

2)PclearlyPstatingPthePmodelPassumptions



linearPregressionPassumptionsP-PANSWERP1)Plinearity

, 2)PconstantPvariancePassumption

3)PindependencePassumption



linearityPassumptionP-
PANSWERPmeanPzeroPassumption,PmeansPthatPthePexpectedPvaluePofPthePerrorsPisPzero.



APviolationPofPthisPassumptionPwillPleadPtoPdifficultiesPinPestimatingPβ0,PandPmeansPthatPyourPmodelPdoesP
notPincludePaPnecessaryPsystematicPcomponent.



constantPvariancePassumptionP-
PANSWERPwhichPmeansPthatPthePvarianceP(σ^2)PofPthePerrorPtermsPorPdeviancesPisPconstantPforPthePgivenP

population.PAPviolationPofPthisPassumptionPmeansPthatPthePestimatesParePnotPasPefficientPasPtheyPcouldPbeP
inPestimatingPthePtruePparameters



IndependencePAssumptionP-
PANSWERPwhichPmeansPthatPthePdeviancesParePindependentPrandomPvariables.



ViolationPofPthisPassumptionPcanPleadPtoPmisleadingPassessmentsPofPthePstrengthPofPthePregression.



normalityPassumptionP-
PANSWERPerrorsP(ε)ParePnormallyPdistributed.PThisPisPneededPforPstatisticalPinference,PforPexample,Pconfide

ncePorPpredictionPintervals,PandPhypothesisPtesting.PIfPthisPassumptionPisPviolated,PhypothesisPtestsPandPco
nfidencePandPpredictionPintervalsPcanPbePmisleading.v



thirdPparameterP-PANSWERPthePvariancePofPthePerrorPtermsP(σ^2)



OnePapproachPisPtoPminimizePthePsumPofPsquaredPresidualsPorPerrorsPwithPrespectPtoPβ0PandPβ1.PThisPtrans
latedPintoPfindingPthePlinePsuchPthatPthePtotalPsquaredPdeviancesPfromPthePlinePisPminimum.P-
PANSWERPHowPcanPwePgetPestimatesPofPthePregressionPcoefficientsPorPparametersPinPlinear



regressionPanalysis?



fittedPvaluesP-PANSWERPtoPbePthePregressionPlinePwherePthePparametersParePreplaced

byPthePestimatedPvaluesPofPthePparameters.



ResidualsP-PANSWERParePsimplyPthePdifference
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