AIRMAN CERTIFICATION STANDARDS (ACS)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
When an instrument rating is required? -61.75 (e): No person may act as pilot in command of a
civil aircraft under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed for VFR flight unless.
-IFH: or in any flight in Class A airspace.
Recent instrument flight experience requirements? 61.57
Within 6 calendar months
(i) Six instrument approaches.
(ii) Holding procedures and tasks.
(iii) Intercepting and tracking courses through the use of navigational electronic systems.
When flights conducted under actual or simulated IMC can be logged for instrument currency?
61.51
(g) Logging instrument time. (1) A person may log instrument time only for that flight time when the
person operates the aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument
flight conditions.
(2) An authorized instructor may log instrument time when conducting instrument flight instruction in
actual instrument flight conditions.
What are the pilot logbook/record-keeping requirements? 61.51
(3) For the purposes of logging instrument time to meet the recent instrument experience requirements
of §61.57(c) of this part, the following information must be recorded in the person's logbook—
(i) The location and type of each instrument approach accomplished; and
(ii) The name of the safety pilot, if required.
What physiological factors that might affect the pilot's ability to fly under instrument conditions?
1. The Leans- can result when a banked attitude,may be entered too slowly to set in motion the
fluid in the "roll" semicircular tubes.
2. Coriolis illusion - occurs when a pilot has been in a turn
, AIRMAN CERTIFICATION STANDARDS (ACS)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
long enough for the fluid in the ear canal to move at the same speed as the canal
3. Graveyard Spiral - pilot in a prolonged coordinated,
constant-rate turn, will have the illusion of not turning.
4. Somatogravic Illusion - A rapid acceleration, such as experienced during takeoff, stimulates the otolith
organs in the same way as tilting the
head backwards.
5. Inversion Illusion
6. Elevator Illusion
Distinguishing proficiency versus currency 1. Proficiency - once you have the rating, means less
reliance on chance and more on skill and knowledge
2. Currency - enable a person to act as pilot in command
Discuss the setting of personal minimums If weather minimums are below a pilot's personal
minimums, a delay in departure to wait for improved conditions is a good decision. This time can be
used to complete the navigation log, which is the next step in planning an IFR flight.
Discuss weather system formation, including air masses and fronts 1. The boundary layer
between two types of air masses
2. Air mass - large bodies of air that take on the characteristics of the surrounding area or source region
•Warm
• Cold
• Stationary
• Occluded
Discuss Cloud types and hazards - Cloud type is determined by its height, shape, and
characteristics
- Low clouds are those that form near the Earth's surface and extend up to about 6,500 feet AGL. (Fog)
-Middle clouds form around 6,500 feet AGL and extend up to 20,000 feet AGL (Turbulence and icing)
- High clouds form above 20,000 feet AGL and usually form only in stable air (no real threat)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
When an instrument rating is required? -61.75 (e): No person may act as pilot in command of a
civil aircraft under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed for VFR flight unless.
-IFH: or in any flight in Class A airspace.
Recent instrument flight experience requirements? 61.57
Within 6 calendar months
(i) Six instrument approaches.
(ii) Holding procedures and tasks.
(iii) Intercepting and tracking courses through the use of navigational electronic systems.
When flights conducted under actual or simulated IMC can be logged for instrument currency?
61.51
(g) Logging instrument time. (1) A person may log instrument time only for that flight time when the
person operates the aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument
flight conditions.
(2) An authorized instructor may log instrument time when conducting instrument flight instruction in
actual instrument flight conditions.
What are the pilot logbook/record-keeping requirements? 61.51
(3) For the purposes of logging instrument time to meet the recent instrument experience requirements
of §61.57(c) of this part, the following information must be recorded in the person's logbook—
(i) The location and type of each instrument approach accomplished; and
(ii) The name of the safety pilot, if required.
What physiological factors that might affect the pilot's ability to fly under instrument conditions?
1. The Leans- can result when a banked attitude,may be entered too slowly to set in motion the
fluid in the "roll" semicircular tubes.
2. Coriolis illusion - occurs when a pilot has been in a turn
, AIRMAN CERTIFICATION STANDARDS (ACS)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
long enough for the fluid in the ear canal to move at the same speed as the canal
3. Graveyard Spiral - pilot in a prolonged coordinated,
constant-rate turn, will have the illusion of not turning.
4. Somatogravic Illusion - A rapid acceleration, such as experienced during takeoff, stimulates the otolith
organs in the same way as tilting the
head backwards.
5. Inversion Illusion
6. Elevator Illusion
Distinguishing proficiency versus currency 1. Proficiency - once you have the rating, means less
reliance on chance and more on skill and knowledge
2. Currency - enable a person to act as pilot in command
Discuss the setting of personal minimums If weather minimums are below a pilot's personal
minimums, a delay in departure to wait for improved conditions is a good decision. This time can be
used to complete the navigation log, which is the next step in planning an IFR flight.
Discuss weather system formation, including air masses and fronts 1. The boundary layer
between two types of air masses
2. Air mass - large bodies of air that take on the characteristics of the surrounding area or source region
•Warm
• Cold
• Stationary
• Occluded
Discuss Cloud types and hazards - Cloud type is determined by its height, shape, and
characteristics
- Low clouds are those that form near the Earth's surface and extend up to about 6,500 feet AGL. (Fog)
-Middle clouds form around 6,500 feet AGL and extend up to 20,000 feet AGL (Turbulence and icing)
- High clouds form above 20,000 feet AGL and usually form only in stable air (no real threat)
