BARRON'S AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
VOCABULARY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Footloose industry - answer-manufacturing or other industry in which the cost of
transporting both raw materials and finished product is not import for determining the
location of the firm
Fordism - answer-system of standardized mass production attributed to henry ford.
Foreign direct investment - answer-overseas business investments made by private
companies; typically involves purchase or construction of factories by transnational
corporations in areas where labor is typically cheaper than on the homeland.
Formal economy - answer-the legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a
government and is included in a government's gross national product; as opposed to an
informal economy
Informal economy - answer-economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a
government; and is not included in that government's gross national product; as
opposed to a formal economy
Sense of place - answer-term used to connote attachment to and comfort in a particular
place. Most typically strong where you have been born
Anti-natalist population policies - answer-encourages couples to limit the number of
children they have.
Arithmetic density - answer-numer of people in a given unit of area. Does not take into
account physiographic differences in that area
Fast world - answer-includes areas of the world, usually in the economic core. Have
high-speed telecommunication and transportation technologies
Slow world - answer-includes developing world that does not experience the benefits of
high-speed telecommunication and transportation technology
Baby boomers - answer-consists of individuals born post world war ii. Largest
population cohort in the usa
Baby bust - answer-following the baby boom the baby bust was a period of time during
the 1960s and 1970's when fertility rates in the united states dropped. Happened
because of women wanting higher education
,Cairo plan - answer-in 1994 the united nation, at the u.n international conference on
population and development, endorsed a strategy to stabilize global population at 7.27
billion no later than 2015.
Carrying capacity - answer-essentially the number of people an area can sustain
without critically training is resource base. Depends on both level of technology and
determining an appropriate standard of living.
Chain migration - answer-describes migrant flows from a common origin to the same
destination. Family or friends move first and get established within an area, paving the
way for more friends and family to follow the same fate
Channelized migration - answer-the flows between a particular origin and destination
are larger than would normally be the case, but are not the result of family or kinship
ties as is the case with chain migration. More peoples move than models predict
Cornucopians - answer-these people believe that with increasing population come
increasing opportunities for innovation. Argued against stricter population controls in the
1980's
Crude birth rate - answer-number of live birth in a single year for every 1,000 people in
a population
Crude death rate - answer-number of death in a country per 1000 people
Demographic accounting equation - answer-predicts population change within a
particular area as a function of natural increase/decrease and in/out migration.
Demographic momentum - answer-tendency of a population to continue to grow in spite
of stringent population policies or rapid fertility decline because of the large number of
individuals in their childbearing years.
Demographic transition model - answer-phase 1. Preindustrial, phase 2l transitional,
phase 3, transitional, phase 4, industrial
Demographic transition model - answer-describes population growth stabilization as a
function of economic development
Stage 1 - answer-pre industrialization , a country is characterized by high birth and
death rates and little-to-no growth
Stage 2 - answer-as the country industrializes, birth rates remain high, death rates drop
and population growth is rapid
Stage 3 - answer-birth rates begin to drop as a country becomes fully industrialized
,Stage 4 - answer-describe highly developed countries across the globe where
population growth is stable or negative
Dependency ratio - answer-a measure of the economic impact of younger and older
cohorts on the economically productive members of a population
Global growth doubling time - answer-doubling is the amount of time it will take a
particular population to double in size. J cure represents the exponential growth
Ecumene - answer-the proportion of the earths surface thats inhabited by humans
Global population distribution patterns - answer-sixty percent of the worlds population
lives within 60 miles of the ocean. Population concentrates in areas with high soil
arability/fertility which also tend to have mild climates. Population is becoming more
urban
Global refugee patterns - answer-post september 11th security issues have led many
counties of the world, particularly western europe and north america, to tighten borders
to individuals seeking asylum. In many african countries, borders are open to refugees
such that contras in which refugees are fleeing from also host significant refugee
populations.
Guest workers - answer-individuals who migrate temporarily to take advantage of job
opportunities in other countries send remittances back home to support friends and
family
Hiv/aids - answer-a major and dramatic exception to recent population growth trends,
particularly in the developing world, where the epidemic is having great effects on birth
rates, death rates, and life expectancy. Currently the third most common cause of death
worldwide.
Illegal immigration - answer-can be characterized as involuntary but unforced migrants.
Risk their lives to migrate because of dire economic situations within their own country
Infant mortality - answer-number of death during the first year of life per thousand live
births
Internal migration history of the united states - answer-3 major waves
Wave 1: beginning with colonization, a movement of the population westward and
movement from rural to urban areas as places become increasingly industrialized
Wave 2: from the early 1940's through the 1970's a massive movement of african
americans from the rural south to cities in the south north and west
Wave 3: post-world war ii to the present day movement to the sun belt states
, Internally displaced persons - answer-people who have had to leave their home
because of conflict, human rights abuse, war, or environmental catastrophes, but do not
leave their country to seek safety
Life expectancy - answer-average number of years a person can be expected to live
Migration - answer-defined as movement to a new activity space. Movement from one
place to another
Natural increase - answer-natural growth, birth outnumber deaths
Natural decrease - answer-natural decline within a population. Deaths outnumber births
Natural increase variations - answer-economic development has profound implications
on health care, available employment opportunities, and nutrition among other factors
contributing to growth. Better education have lower rates of natural increase. When
women are more empowered fertility rates drop. Cultural rates effect natural increase.
Public policies can encourage or discourage couples to reproduce
Neo-malthusians - answer-believe population growth to be a problem and provide the
foundation for many antinatalist population policies. They advocate zpg
Overpopulation - answer-an opinion that an area does not have adequate resources to
support the existing population. If it is ______ it has exceeded its carrying capacity
Underpopulation - answer-described scenarios in which areas or regions do not have
enough people to fully exploit the local resource base
Place utility - answer-in the migration decision this refers to the benefits a place offers to
pull people to that destination. Benefits include good school systems, good climate, job
opportunities etc...
South-central missouri - answer-where is the population controlled of the united states
Population data - answer-incudes total population counts and rates such as cbr, cdr,
and so on: from the un statistical office, the world bank, the population reference bureau
and from national census.
Population density - answer-total number of people divided by the total land area. This
is just a crude number.
Population geography - answer-geographers in this field investigate pattern from spatial
perspective- why patterns exist, where they exist, and the implication of current
population patterns. These patters often overlap with economic development patters.
Ex: high fertility, less economic development. This field does also focus on demographic
rates similar to demography
VOCABULARY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Footloose industry - answer-manufacturing or other industry in which the cost of
transporting both raw materials and finished product is not import for determining the
location of the firm
Fordism - answer-system of standardized mass production attributed to henry ford.
Foreign direct investment - answer-overseas business investments made by private
companies; typically involves purchase or construction of factories by transnational
corporations in areas where labor is typically cheaper than on the homeland.
Formal economy - answer-the legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a
government and is included in a government's gross national product; as opposed to an
informal economy
Informal economy - answer-economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a
government; and is not included in that government's gross national product; as
opposed to a formal economy
Sense of place - answer-term used to connote attachment to and comfort in a particular
place. Most typically strong where you have been born
Anti-natalist population policies - answer-encourages couples to limit the number of
children they have.
Arithmetic density - answer-numer of people in a given unit of area. Does not take into
account physiographic differences in that area
Fast world - answer-includes areas of the world, usually in the economic core. Have
high-speed telecommunication and transportation technologies
Slow world - answer-includes developing world that does not experience the benefits of
high-speed telecommunication and transportation technology
Baby boomers - answer-consists of individuals born post world war ii. Largest
population cohort in the usa
Baby bust - answer-following the baby boom the baby bust was a period of time during
the 1960s and 1970's when fertility rates in the united states dropped. Happened
because of women wanting higher education
,Cairo plan - answer-in 1994 the united nation, at the u.n international conference on
population and development, endorsed a strategy to stabilize global population at 7.27
billion no later than 2015.
Carrying capacity - answer-essentially the number of people an area can sustain
without critically training is resource base. Depends on both level of technology and
determining an appropriate standard of living.
Chain migration - answer-describes migrant flows from a common origin to the same
destination. Family or friends move first and get established within an area, paving the
way for more friends and family to follow the same fate
Channelized migration - answer-the flows between a particular origin and destination
are larger than would normally be the case, but are not the result of family or kinship
ties as is the case with chain migration. More peoples move than models predict
Cornucopians - answer-these people believe that with increasing population come
increasing opportunities for innovation. Argued against stricter population controls in the
1980's
Crude birth rate - answer-number of live birth in a single year for every 1,000 people in
a population
Crude death rate - answer-number of death in a country per 1000 people
Demographic accounting equation - answer-predicts population change within a
particular area as a function of natural increase/decrease and in/out migration.
Demographic momentum - answer-tendency of a population to continue to grow in spite
of stringent population policies or rapid fertility decline because of the large number of
individuals in their childbearing years.
Demographic transition model - answer-phase 1. Preindustrial, phase 2l transitional,
phase 3, transitional, phase 4, industrial
Demographic transition model - answer-describes population growth stabilization as a
function of economic development
Stage 1 - answer-pre industrialization , a country is characterized by high birth and
death rates and little-to-no growth
Stage 2 - answer-as the country industrializes, birth rates remain high, death rates drop
and population growth is rapid
Stage 3 - answer-birth rates begin to drop as a country becomes fully industrialized
,Stage 4 - answer-describe highly developed countries across the globe where
population growth is stable or negative
Dependency ratio - answer-a measure of the economic impact of younger and older
cohorts on the economically productive members of a population
Global growth doubling time - answer-doubling is the amount of time it will take a
particular population to double in size. J cure represents the exponential growth
Ecumene - answer-the proportion of the earths surface thats inhabited by humans
Global population distribution patterns - answer-sixty percent of the worlds population
lives within 60 miles of the ocean. Population concentrates in areas with high soil
arability/fertility which also tend to have mild climates. Population is becoming more
urban
Global refugee patterns - answer-post september 11th security issues have led many
counties of the world, particularly western europe and north america, to tighten borders
to individuals seeking asylum. In many african countries, borders are open to refugees
such that contras in which refugees are fleeing from also host significant refugee
populations.
Guest workers - answer-individuals who migrate temporarily to take advantage of job
opportunities in other countries send remittances back home to support friends and
family
Hiv/aids - answer-a major and dramatic exception to recent population growth trends,
particularly in the developing world, where the epidemic is having great effects on birth
rates, death rates, and life expectancy. Currently the third most common cause of death
worldwide.
Illegal immigration - answer-can be characterized as involuntary but unforced migrants.
Risk their lives to migrate because of dire economic situations within their own country
Infant mortality - answer-number of death during the first year of life per thousand live
births
Internal migration history of the united states - answer-3 major waves
Wave 1: beginning with colonization, a movement of the population westward and
movement from rural to urban areas as places become increasingly industrialized
Wave 2: from the early 1940's through the 1970's a massive movement of african
americans from the rural south to cities in the south north and west
Wave 3: post-world war ii to the present day movement to the sun belt states
, Internally displaced persons - answer-people who have had to leave their home
because of conflict, human rights abuse, war, or environmental catastrophes, but do not
leave their country to seek safety
Life expectancy - answer-average number of years a person can be expected to live
Migration - answer-defined as movement to a new activity space. Movement from one
place to another
Natural increase - answer-natural growth, birth outnumber deaths
Natural decrease - answer-natural decline within a population. Deaths outnumber births
Natural increase variations - answer-economic development has profound implications
on health care, available employment opportunities, and nutrition among other factors
contributing to growth. Better education have lower rates of natural increase. When
women are more empowered fertility rates drop. Cultural rates effect natural increase.
Public policies can encourage or discourage couples to reproduce
Neo-malthusians - answer-believe population growth to be a problem and provide the
foundation for many antinatalist population policies. They advocate zpg
Overpopulation - answer-an opinion that an area does not have adequate resources to
support the existing population. If it is ______ it has exceeded its carrying capacity
Underpopulation - answer-described scenarios in which areas or regions do not have
enough people to fully exploit the local resource base
Place utility - answer-in the migration decision this refers to the benefits a place offers to
pull people to that destination. Benefits include good school systems, good climate, job
opportunities etc...
South-central missouri - answer-where is the population controlled of the united states
Population data - answer-incudes total population counts and rates such as cbr, cdr,
and so on: from the un statistical office, the world bank, the population reference bureau
and from national census.
Population density - answer-total number of people divided by the total land area. This
is just a crude number.
Population geography - answer-geographers in this field investigate pattern from spatial
perspective- why patterns exist, where they exist, and the implication of current
population patterns. These patters often overlap with economic development patters.
Ex: high fertility, less economic development. This field does also focus on demographic
rates similar to demography
