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Community nursing focus - ✔✔Health promotion and maintenance
Prevention
Slowing disease progression
Improve quality of life
Health promotion: exercise, nutrition, vaccines, smoking cessation,
preventative medicine
We should educate people as early as possible
What makes a community healthy? - ✔✔Time magazine link
Buncombe County Unemployment Rate link
Look at health indicators and health determinants
Five influencers of health:
Policy making
Social factors
Health services
,Individual behavior
Biology and genetics
Health Prevention - ✔✔Primary - health promotion and prevention
Secondary -health maintenance, screening
Tertiary - minimizing disease progression, improve quality of life
Epidemiology - ✔✔Look at statistical information regarding the spread of
disease, number of people affected, evaluate prevention programs
CDC MMWR link
Incidence - number of new cases per 1,000 people
Prevalence - number of existing cases at a specific time per 1,000 people
Mortality Rate - number of deaths from a specific cause per 1,000 people
Morbidity - incidence of a specific disease
Incidence - ✔✔number of new cases per 1,000 people
Prevalence - ✔✔number of existing cases at a specific time per 1,000
people
Mortality rate - ✔✔number of deaths from a specific cause per 1,000
people
Morbidity - ✔✔incidence of a specific disease
,Windshield survey - ✔✔Assessing the community health by driving around
and looking at the community
What are you looking for?
Collect data
Assess, Diagnose, Plan, Implement, Evaluate
Policy making helps determine health through how much money goes to
services to help with medical costs, rules about what health providers can
and cant do.
Also social factors determine health
Genetics also plays a role in health
What is available for the consumer? - ✔✔Media - Television, radio,
commercials, billboards
Literacy -education materials must be at a 5th grade reading level
Immunizations
Buncombe County Immunization Rates
What is out in the community for the consumer to learn and know regarding
health?
How do you identify what is available and what is needed?
What is sickle-cell? - ✔✔Normally people have Hgb-AA
Glutamic acid
, Affected individuals have Hgb-SS
Switches glutamic acid for Valine
Cell has shortened life span
Translation: hemoglobin is abnormal, therefore it doesn't function as well
Autosomal Recessive Disorder
25% chance of children obtaining
What would individuals with Hgb-AS be?
Carriers (Sickle Cell Trait)
Incidence
African Americans
Mediterranean, Caribbean, South America, Central America, Arabia, East
India
Hemolytic anemia
It is designated as hemoglobin AA which means it is normal hemoglobin
and contains glutamic acid