BIOS 1300 EXAM 2 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
histology - Correct Answer- study of tissues and how they are arranged in organs
cell junctions - Correct Answer- connections between two cells
tight junctions - Correct Answer- good for tissues that act as barriers
desmosome - Correct Answer- very strong and help tissues resist stretching
gap junction - Correct Answer- fairly weak, but great for allowing cells to communicate
quickly
tight junctions - Correct Answer- linkage between two adjacent cells by transmembrane cell-
adhesion proteins and makes it difficult for substances to pass
example of a tight junction - Correct Answer- blood-brain barrier
hemidesmosomes - Correct Answer- half desmosomes that anchor basal cells of an
epithelium to underlying basement membrane
pemphigus vulgaris - Correct Answer- Destruction of desmosomes by own antibodies
(autoimmune disorder)
gap junctions are formed by - Correct Answer- connexons
where are gap junctions located - Correct Answer- located in cardiac and smooth muscle,
embryonic tissue
3 steps in gap junction pathology - Correct Answer- defects in protein trafficking/assembly,
mutations in gap junction molecules, improper/unregulated exchange of cellular contents
,glands - Correct Answer- cell or organ that secrets substances for use elsewhere in the body
or releases them for elimination from the body
secretion - Correct Answer- product useful to the body
excretion - Correct Answer- waste product
exocrine glands - Correct Answer- maintain their contact with surface of epithelium by way
of a duct
external exocrine glands - Correct Answer- sweat and tear glands
internal exocrine glands - Correct Answer- pancreas and salivary glands
endocrine glands - Correct Answer- have no ducts; secret hormones directly into blood
hormones - Correct Answer- chemical messengers that stimulate cells elsewhere in the body
examples of endocrine glands - Correct Answer- thyroid, adrenal, pituitary glands
organs that have both endocrine and exocrine functions - Correct Answer- liver, pancreas
unicellular glands - Correct Answer- found in an epithelium that is predominantly non
secretory
capsule - Correct Answer- connective tissue covering of exocrine gland
septa or trabeculae - Correct Answer- extensions of capsule that divide interior of gland into
compartments (lobes and lobules
stroma - Correct Answer- connective tissue framework that supports and organizes glandular
tissue
, parenchyma - Correct Answer- cells that preform the tasks of synthesis and secretion
tubular - Correct Answer- narrow secretory portion
acinar - Correct Answer- secretory cells form dilated sac
tubuloacinar - Correct Answer- both tubular and acinar portions
3 modes of secretion - Correct Answer- merocrine, apocrine, holocrine
merocrine secretion - Correct Answer- uses vesicles that release secretion by exocytosis
apocrine secretion - Correct Answer- lipid droplet covered by membrane and cytoplasm buds
from cell surface
holocrine secretion - Correct Answer- cells accumulate a product until they disintegrate
what lines blood vessels and heart - Correct Answer- endothelium
what lines body cavities like pericardium, peritoneum, pleura - Correct Answer- mesothelium
tissue growth - Correct Answer- increasing the number of cells or size of existing cells
hyperplasia - Correct Answer- growth through cell multiplication
hypertrophy - Correct Answer- enlargement of preexisting cells
examples of hypertrophy - Correct Answer- muscle growth through exercise; accumulation of
body fat
Questions and CORRECT Answers
histology - Correct Answer- study of tissues and how they are arranged in organs
cell junctions - Correct Answer- connections between two cells
tight junctions - Correct Answer- good for tissues that act as barriers
desmosome - Correct Answer- very strong and help tissues resist stretching
gap junction - Correct Answer- fairly weak, but great for allowing cells to communicate
quickly
tight junctions - Correct Answer- linkage between two adjacent cells by transmembrane cell-
adhesion proteins and makes it difficult for substances to pass
example of a tight junction - Correct Answer- blood-brain barrier
hemidesmosomes - Correct Answer- half desmosomes that anchor basal cells of an
epithelium to underlying basement membrane
pemphigus vulgaris - Correct Answer- Destruction of desmosomes by own antibodies
(autoimmune disorder)
gap junctions are formed by - Correct Answer- connexons
where are gap junctions located - Correct Answer- located in cardiac and smooth muscle,
embryonic tissue
3 steps in gap junction pathology - Correct Answer- defects in protein trafficking/assembly,
mutations in gap junction molecules, improper/unregulated exchange of cellular contents
,glands - Correct Answer- cell or organ that secrets substances for use elsewhere in the body
or releases them for elimination from the body
secretion - Correct Answer- product useful to the body
excretion - Correct Answer- waste product
exocrine glands - Correct Answer- maintain their contact with surface of epithelium by way
of a duct
external exocrine glands - Correct Answer- sweat and tear glands
internal exocrine glands - Correct Answer- pancreas and salivary glands
endocrine glands - Correct Answer- have no ducts; secret hormones directly into blood
hormones - Correct Answer- chemical messengers that stimulate cells elsewhere in the body
examples of endocrine glands - Correct Answer- thyroid, adrenal, pituitary glands
organs that have both endocrine and exocrine functions - Correct Answer- liver, pancreas
unicellular glands - Correct Answer- found in an epithelium that is predominantly non
secretory
capsule - Correct Answer- connective tissue covering of exocrine gland
septa or trabeculae - Correct Answer- extensions of capsule that divide interior of gland into
compartments (lobes and lobules
stroma - Correct Answer- connective tissue framework that supports and organizes glandular
tissue
, parenchyma - Correct Answer- cells that preform the tasks of synthesis and secretion
tubular - Correct Answer- narrow secretory portion
acinar - Correct Answer- secretory cells form dilated sac
tubuloacinar - Correct Answer- both tubular and acinar portions
3 modes of secretion - Correct Answer- merocrine, apocrine, holocrine
merocrine secretion - Correct Answer- uses vesicles that release secretion by exocytosis
apocrine secretion - Correct Answer- lipid droplet covered by membrane and cytoplasm buds
from cell surface
holocrine secretion - Correct Answer- cells accumulate a product until they disintegrate
what lines blood vessels and heart - Correct Answer- endothelium
what lines body cavities like pericardium, peritoneum, pleura - Correct Answer- mesothelium
tissue growth - Correct Answer- increasing the number of cells or size of existing cells
hyperplasia - Correct Answer- growth through cell multiplication
hypertrophy - Correct Answer- enlargement of preexisting cells
examples of hypertrophy - Correct Answer- muscle growth through exercise; accumulation of
body fat
