Urinary Casts exam with 100% correct answers

Urinary Casts

Casts correct answersDefinition: Cylinder-like structures with parallel

sides, formed from gelled muco/glyco protein

(Tamm -Horsfall protein).

•Cast formation

1. normal nephron

2. epithelial cell cast formation

3. WBC cast formation

4. RBC cast formation



Urinary Cast: Formation correct answersFormed in lumen of the kidney distal

convoluted tubules and Loop of Henle.

•Molded in the shape of the tubules

•Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein comprises the

matrix

•May contain cells that are present in the

tubules at the time of cast formation

-urinary stasis

•Acid pH

•high solute concentration

•abnormal ionic or protein constituents

•May be indicated by the presence of urinary

protein.

•However, casts can be present in the absence

of protein.

•Microscopic examination is important.

, Urinary Cast: Identification of Casts correct answersCasts:

•have parallel sides with rounded or blunted

ends

•vary in size and shape according to the

tubules in which they were formed

•convoluted, straight, or curved

•are cylindrical in shape with no dark edges



Significance of Casts correct answers•Cast are always renal in origin

•Casts often indicate pathologies:

•glomerular damage

•tubular damage

•renal inflammation

•renal infection

•Cast Size

•indicates the diameter of the tubule in which it was

formed

•Broad casts & Narrow

•formed in pathologically dilated or atrophied

tubules or in collecting tubules

•indicate renal trauma / failure



Urinary Casts: Detection correct answers•Low power and low light to find;

•high power to identify

•must use low level of light or will look right

through them

•Cylindrical body with parallel sides and

rounded ends.