Lamaze Exam Module 2 Promoting Safe and
Healthy Pregnancy Answered Correctly!!!
Shared decision making model CORRECT ANSWERS model that respects and uses
the preferences of the patient and the expertise and judgment of the clinician.
Informed refusal CORRECT ANSWERS a patient's decision to refuse recommended
treatment after all options, potential risks, and potential benefits have been thoroughly
explained
Informed consent includes CORRECT ANSWERS Risks, benefits, complications,
alternatives
Shared decision making: BRAIN CORRECT ANSWERS Benefits, Risks and Reality,
Alternatives, Intuition, Now? or Never?
Informed decision making questions CORRECT ANSWERS Do we have time to talk?
What are the benefits of doing this?
What would be the risks?
What procedures and treatments might end up being needed?
What else can we try?
What if we wait an hour?
What if we don't do it at all?
Comfort and Relaxation During Pregnancy and Beyond CORRECT ANSWERS
Mindfulness, meditation, progressive relaxation, selective relaxation, guided imagery,
massage, music, breathing, journaling.
Mindfulness and Meditation CORRECT ANSWERS tools that remind us to self-reflect
tuning out the world
become more present and centered
progressive relaxation CORRECT ANSWERS lying down comfortably and tensing and
releasing the tension in each major muscle group in turn
selective relaxation CORRECT ANSWERS similar to progressive relaxation but focused
on one area of the body. (in labor focus on releasing perineum, shoulders, jaws)
Guided imagery CORRECT ANSWERS intentional visualization of images that are
calming, relaxing, or beneficial in other ways
Massage CORRECT ANSWERS Simple massage such as rubbing the back, shoulders,
hands, feet, scalp
,Music CORRECT ANSWERS Some release tension by listening to music (dancing to
music can also provide movement)
Breathing CORRECT ANSWERS used during relaxation practice, yoga breathing, can
be used at the end of contractions to relax muscles.
Journaling CORRECT ANSWERS practice to address issues the may cause stress.
Write about thoughts, feelings, experiences surrounding pregnancy
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy First Trimester CORRECT ANSWERS Excited,
nervous, anxious, mood swings, worried, disconnected
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy Second Trimester CORRECT ANSWERS
Dependency, starts feeling real, not attractive, creative, unfocused, dreaming of baby
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy Third Trimester CORRECT ANSWERS Excited,
nesting, terrified, relief, helpless, strong
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy After Baby CORRECT ANSWERS In love, exhausted,
overwhelmed, ecstatic, nothing, complete
female external genitalia CORRECT ANSWERS (vulva) labia minora, labia majora,
urethra, clitoris, vaginal opening, perineum, anus
female internal genitalia CORRECT ANSWERS ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina,
cervix, bladder
ejaculate CORRECT ANSWERS is about 1 teaspoon and contains 150-400 million
sperm
Early pregnancy symptoms CORRECT ANSWERS Breast changes: fullness,
tenderness, tingling in nipple area, darkening areola
Missed menstrual period
Fullness, bloating, or ache in lower abdomen
Fatigue and drowsiness
Feeling lightheaded or faint
Nausea or vomiting "morning sickness"
Frequent urination
Increased vaginal secretions
Confirming Pregnancy CORRECT ANSWERS Can be confirmed with urine test or blood
test
Calculating due date CORRECT ANSWERS Early pregnancy ultrasound scan, Estimate
based on last menstrual period (subtract 3 months from the date of last period then add
7 days.
, Length of gestation CORRECT ANSWERS 40 weeks or 280 days
Why are due dates important? CORRECT ANSWERS determine when to do testing,
recognize if lab tests are normal, diagnose preterm/postdate, identify slow growth or
rapid growth
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) CORRECT ANSWERS The presence of HCG is
detected in pregnancy tests. hCG only occurs during pregnancy. Produced by embryo
and ensures ovaries produce enough estrogen and progesterone for the first 2-3
months until the placenta matures and produces enough.
Estrogen CORRECT ANSWERS promotes growth of uterine muscles, production of
vaginal mucus, stimulates development of ductal system and blood supply in breasts. In
late pregnancy rising estrogen increases sensitivity to oxytocin
Progesterone CORRECT ANSWERS relaxes uterus, blood vessels, walls of stomach,
bowels. In late pregnancy progesterone has less effect allowing for contractions
Relaxin CORRECT ANSWERS released from ovaries relaxes and softens ligaments,
cartilage, and cervix and allows for pelvic bones to spread
Prostaglandins CORRECT ANSWERS Produced in amniotic membrane, increase in
level during late pregnancy. Soften and ripen cervix and stimulate muscles in uterus and
bowels
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) CORRECT ANSWERS Comes from baby,
placenta, and tissues within uterus. Increased CRH changes the ratio of estrogen to
progesterone
Oxytocin CORRECT ANSWERS A hormone released by the posterior pituitary that
stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
"Love hormone"
Conception of multiples CORRECT ANSWERS identical: are random
fraternal: more than 1 egg released
monozygotic twins CORRECT ANSWERS identical twins formed when one zygote
splits into two separate masses of cells, each of which develops into a separate
embryo. Shared placenta
dizygotic twins CORRECT ANSWERS often called fraternal twins, occurring when two
eggs each get fertilized by two different sperm, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at
the same time. Separate placentas
Higher likelihood of dizygotic multiples CORRECT ANSWERS Large and tall
Healthy Pregnancy Answered Correctly!!!
Shared decision making model CORRECT ANSWERS model that respects and uses
the preferences of the patient and the expertise and judgment of the clinician.
Informed refusal CORRECT ANSWERS a patient's decision to refuse recommended
treatment after all options, potential risks, and potential benefits have been thoroughly
explained
Informed consent includes CORRECT ANSWERS Risks, benefits, complications,
alternatives
Shared decision making: BRAIN CORRECT ANSWERS Benefits, Risks and Reality,
Alternatives, Intuition, Now? or Never?
Informed decision making questions CORRECT ANSWERS Do we have time to talk?
What are the benefits of doing this?
What would be the risks?
What procedures and treatments might end up being needed?
What else can we try?
What if we wait an hour?
What if we don't do it at all?
Comfort and Relaxation During Pregnancy and Beyond CORRECT ANSWERS
Mindfulness, meditation, progressive relaxation, selective relaxation, guided imagery,
massage, music, breathing, journaling.
Mindfulness and Meditation CORRECT ANSWERS tools that remind us to self-reflect
tuning out the world
become more present and centered
progressive relaxation CORRECT ANSWERS lying down comfortably and tensing and
releasing the tension in each major muscle group in turn
selective relaxation CORRECT ANSWERS similar to progressive relaxation but focused
on one area of the body. (in labor focus on releasing perineum, shoulders, jaws)
Guided imagery CORRECT ANSWERS intentional visualization of images that are
calming, relaxing, or beneficial in other ways
Massage CORRECT ANSWERS Simple massage such as rubbing the back, shoulders,
hands, feet, scalp
,Music CORRECT ANSWERS Some release tension by listening to music (dancing to
music can also provide movement)
Breathing CORRECT ANSWERS used during relaxation practice, yoga breathing, can
be used at the end of contractions to relax muscles.
Journaling CORRECT ANSWERS practice to address issues the may cause stress.
Write about thoughts, feelings, experiences surrounding pregnancy
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy First Trimester CORRECT ANSWERS Excited,
nervous, anxious, mood swings, worried, disconnected
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy Second Trimester CORRECT ANSWERS
Dependency, starts feeling real, not attractive, creative, unfocused, dreaming of baby
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy Third Trimester CORRECT ANSWERS Excited,
nesting, terrified, relief, helpless, strong
Feelings Surrounding Pregnancy After Baby CORRECT ANSWERS In love, exhausted,
overwhelmed, ecstatic, nothing, complete
female external genitalia CORRECT ANSWERS (vulva) labia minora, labia majora,
urethra, clitoris, vaginal opening, perineum, anus
female internal genitalia CORRECT ANSWERS ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina,
cervix, bladder
ejaculate CORRECT ANSWERS is about 1 teaspoon and contains 150-400 million
sperm
Early pregnancy symptoms CORRECT ANSWERS Breast changes: fullness,
tenderness, tingling in nipple area, darkening areola
Missed menstrual period
Fullness, bloating, or ache in lower abdomen
Fatigue and drowsiness
Feeling lightheaded or faint
Nausea or vomiting "morning sickness"
Frequent urination
Increased vaginal secretions
Confirming Pregnancy CORRECT ANSWERS Can be confirmed with urine test or blood
test
Calculating due date CORRECT ANSWERS Early pregnancy ultrasound scan, Estimate
based on last menstrual period (subtract 3 months from the date of last period then add
7 days.
, Length of gestation CORRECT ANSWERS 40 weeks or 280 days
Why are due dates important? CORRECT ANSWERS determine when to do testing,
recognize if lab tests are normal, diagnose preterm/postdate, identify slow growth or
rapid growth
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) CORRECT ANSWERS The presence of HCG is
detected in pregnancy tests. hCG only occurs during pregnancy. Produced by embryo
and ensures ovaries produce enough estrogen and progesterone for the first 2-3
months until the placenta matures and produces enough.
Estrogen CORRECT ANSWERS promotes growth of uterine muscles, production of
vaginal mucus, stimulates development of ductal system and blood supply in breasts. In
late pregnancy rising estrogen increases sensitivity to oxytocin
Progesterone CORRECT ANSWERS relaxes uterus, blood vessels, walls of stomach,
bowels. In late pregnancy progesterone has less effect allowing for contractions
Relaxin CORRECT ANSWERS released from ovaries relaxes and softens ligaments,
cartilage, and cervix and allows for pelvic bones to spread
Prostaglandins CORRECT ANSWERS Produced in amniotic membrane, increase in
level during late pregnancy. Soften and ripen cervix and stimulate muscles in uterus and
bowels
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) CORRECT ANSWERS Comes from baby,
placenta, and tissues within uterus. Increased CRH changes the ratio of estrogen to
progesterone
Oxytocin CORRECT ANSWERS A hormone released by the posterior pituitary that
stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
"Love hormone"
Conception of multiples CORRECT ANSWERS identical: are random
fraternal: more than 1 egg released
monozygotic twins CORRECT ANSWERS identical twins formed when one zygote
splits into two separate masses of cells, each of which develops into a separate
embryo. Shared placenta
dizygotic twins CORRECT ANSWERS often called fraternal twins, occurring when two
eggs each get fertilized by two different sperm, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at
the same time. Separate placentas
Higher likelihood of dizygotic multiples CORRECT ANSWERS Large and tall
