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Abdomen - ✔✔The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion
and excretion. Is located below the diaphragm and above the pelvis.
Abduction - ✔✔Motion of a limb away from the midline.
Acetabulum - ✔✔The depression on the lateral pelvis here its three
component bones join, in which the femoral head fits snugly.
Acid - ✔✔A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in
a water solution.
Acidotic - ✔✔Blood that is too acidic.
Acromioclavicular separation (AC separation) - ✔✔One or more torn
ligaments in the acromioclavicular joint, resulting in a separated shoulder.
Acromion process - ✔✔The tip of the shoulder and the site of attachment
for both the clavicle and various shoulder muscles.
Active transport - ✔✔A method used to move compounds across a cell
membrane to create or maintain an imbalance of charges
, Adam's apple - ✔✔The firm prominence in the upper part of the larynx
formed by the thyroid cartilage. It is more prominent in men than in women.
Adduction - ✔✔Motion of a limb towards the midline.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - ✔✔The nucleotide involved in energy
metabolism; used to store energy.
Adrenal cortex - ✔✔The outer layer of the adrenal gland; it produces
hormones that are important in regulating the water and salt balance of the
body.
Adrenal glands - ✔✔Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that
release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
Adernaline - ✔✔Hormone produce by the adrenal glands that mediates the
"flight-or-flight" response of the sympathetic nervous system; also called
epinephrine.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - ✔✔Hormones that targets the
adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol (a glucocorticoid)
Aerobic metabolism - ✔✔Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence
of oxygen.
Afterload - ✔✔The pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle
must pump blood.