NR605 Final Exam Questions with
Correct Verified Answers 2024/2025
cognitive-behavioral .therapy .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--focus .on .how .well .individuals
.can .adapt .cognitively .and .functionally .to .their .environments
-short-term, .structured, .goal-oriented .form .of .psychotherapy
-stresses .necessity .of .challenging .maladaptive .thoughts .that .lead .to
.behavioral .problems
-first .emerged .in .1955
-most .widely .practiced .psychotherapy
-help .clients .recognize .and .address .cognitive .distortions
• .by .Albert .Ellis, .widely .known .as .the .grandfather .of .cognitive .behavior
.therapy
-Beck
• .originally .trained .in .psychoanalysis, .pioneered .cognitive .therapy .in .the
.1960s, .through .his .research .on .depression
• .also .developed .the .popular .Depression .Inventory .instrument
CBT .Relationship .to .Nursing .Theory .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--Orem's .self-care
.deficit .nursing .theory
• .provides .a .framework .to .view .CBT .as .a .supportive .intervention
• .fosters .effective .self-care .behaviors
-Roy's .Adaptation .Theory
• .premise .that .individuals .use .coping .mechanisms .to .adapt .to .stimuli, .both
.internal .and .external
• .share .underpinnings .with .CBT.
Indications .for .CBT .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--treatment .of .a .wide .range .of
.diagnoses
• .depression
• .anxiety .disorders
,• .substance .use .disorders
• .eating .disorders
• .severe .mental .illness
• .PTSD
Principles .of .CBT .include: .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--way .an .ind .cognitively
.structures .thoughts .about .self .& .the .world .determines .how .the .ind .feels .&
.behaves
-Dysfunctional .thoughts .are .rooted .in .irrational .assumptions
-Dysfunctional .thinking .and .learned .patterns .of .maladaptive .behavior
.contribute .to .psychological .problems
-Ind's .can .learn .more .adaptive .behaviors .which .can .relieve .symptoms .&
.improve .quality .of .life
-CBT .is .(+) .& .stresses .collaboration .& .active .participation
-CBT .includes .action .plans .in .the .form .of .therapy .homework
Role .of .the .Psychotherapist .in .CBT .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--using .a .structured,
.collaborative .approach .to .help .clients .recognize .and .reevaluate .cognitive
.distortions
-help .clients:
.• .better .understand .the .behaviors .of .others
• .develop .improved .coping .skills
-Psychoeducation
-Homework
• .to .help .clients .reinforce .& .build .on .what .was .learned .during .the .therapy
.session
motivational .interviewing .(MI) .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--helps .individuals .prepare .for
.change
-person-centered, .evidence-based .approach .to .behavior .change
-using .a .collaborative, .goal-oriented .communication .style
-empowers .clients .to .draw .on .their .meanings .& .capacities .to .facilitate
.change
• .addressing .issues .with .ambivalence .and .resistance
-grew .out .of .William .R. .Miller's .clinical .practice .working .with .clients .with
.substance .use .disorders .in .the .1980s
• .collaborated .with .Stephen .Rollnick .to .write .book: .Motivational .interviewing
,Indications .for .MI .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--reduction .of .substance .use .and .health
.promotion
-improving .medication .adherence .in .clients .with .schizophrenia
MI .Guiding .Principles .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--acceptance
-empathy
-compassion
-respect .of .client .autonomy
-acknowledgment .of .the .client's .strengths .& .efforts
-Spirit .of .MI
• .Partnership, .compassion, .acceptance, .evocation
MI .Role .of .the .Psychotherapist .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .-represented .by .the
.mnemonic .RULE:
Resist .the .righting .reflex
Understand .the .patient's .motivation
Listen .to .the .patient
Empower .the .patient
OARS .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .-Communication .skills .for .MI:
-Open .questions
• .cannot .be .answered .with .a .yes .or .no, .require .elaboration
-Affirming
• .provide .encouragement, .are .(+) .comments .on .a .client's .strengths .or .efforts
-Reflecting
• .mirror .the .content .or .feelings .explicitly .or .implicitly .stated .by .the .client
• .convey .empathy, .demonstrate .listening, .highlight .emotions .& .beliefs, .•
.provide .opportunities .for .the .client .to .elaborate .on .their .concerns
• .empower .clients .to .take .control .of .the .conversation
• .recommended .to .use .at .least .two .reflections .for .every .question
-Summarizing
• .links .together .what .has .been .stated .to .help .the .client .organize .their
.experiences
MI .Phases .of .the .Change .Process .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--engagement
, • .establishment .of .trust .& .a .helping .relationship .between .the .therapist .&
.client
• .uses .reflections .that .communicate .understanding
-focusing
• .identification .of .the .direction .or .target .of .the .change
• .uses .open-ended .questions
-evoking
• .identifying .the .client's .motivation .for .change .and .evoking .hope
• .uses .reflections .and .summaries
-planning
• .creating .a .plan .for .change
acceptance .and .commitment .therapy .(ACT) .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--helps
.individuals .accept .life's .challenges .while .focusing .on .their .values .and .goals
• .learning .how .to .relate .to .thoughts .& .feelings .which .impact .life .rather .than
.changing .those .thoughts .& .feelings
-referred .to .as .a ."third .wave" .CBT .therapy
-Accepting .reactions .and .being .present
-Choosing .a .valued .direction
-Taking .action
-Used .for:
• .depression, .anxiety, .substance .use, .chronic .pain, .transdiagnostic
.combinations .of .conditions
solution-focused .therapy .(SFT) .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--future-oriented .approach
-helps .client .ID .problems .& .construct .solutions .that .will .result .in .change
-postmodern .thinking
• .reality .is .shaped .by .multiple .and .conflicting ."truths" .& .constructed .through
.human .interaction
• .there .are .as .many .stories .of .meaning .as .there .are .people .involved
-fourth .force .of .psychotherapy
• .transpersonal, .going .beyond .the .ideas .of .humanness, .identity, .and .self-
actualization
-client .is .considered .to .be .the .expert .of .their .lives
-focus .from .the .problem .to .the .solution
-grew .out .of .the .work .at .the .Brief .Family .Therapy .Center .in .Milwaukee .in .the
.1970s
Correct Verified Answers 2024/2025
cognitive-behavioral .therapy .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--focus .on .how .well .individuals
.can .adapt .cognitively .and .functionally .to .their .environments
-short-term, .structured, .goal-oriented .form .of .psychotherapy
-stresses .necessity .of .challenging .maladaptive .thoughts .that .lead .to
.behavioral .problems
-first .emerged .in .1955
-most .widely .practiced .psychotherapy
-help .clients .recognize .and .address .cognitive .distortions
• .by .Albert .Ellis, .widely .known .as .the .grandfather .of .cognitive .behavior
.therapy
-Beck
• .originally .trained .in .psychoanalysis, .pioneered .cognitive .therapy .in .the
.1960s, .through .his .research .on .depression
• .also .developed .the .popular .Depression .Inventory .instrument
CBT .Relationship .to .Nursing .Theory .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--Orem's .self-care
.deficit .nursing .theory
• .provides .a .framework .to .view .CBT .as .a .supportive .intervention
• .fosters .effective .self-care .behaviors
-Roy's .Adaptation .Theory
• .premise .that .individuals .use .coping .mechanisms .to .adapt .to .stimuli, .both
.internal .and .external
• .share .underpinnings .with .CBT.
Indications .for .CBT .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--treatment .of .a .wide .range .of
.diagnoses
• .depression
• .anxiety .disorders
,• .substance .use .disorders
• .eating .disorders
• .severe .mental .illness
• .PTSD
Principles .of .CBT .include: .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--way .an .ind .cognitively
.structures .thoughts .about .self .& .the .world .determines .how .the .ind .feels .&
.behaves
-Dysfunctional .thoughts .are .rooted .in .irrational .assumptions
-Dysfunctional .thinking .and .learned .patterns .of .maladaptive .behavior
.contribute .to .psychological .problems
-Ind's .can .learn .more .adaptive .behaviors .which .can .relieve .symptoms .&
.improve .quality .of .life
-CBT .is .(+) .& .stresses .collaboration .& .active .participation
-CBT .includes .action .plans .in .the .form .of .therapy .homework
Role .of .the .Psychotherapist .in .CBT .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--using .a .structured,
.collaborative .approach .to .help .clients .recognize .and .reevaluate .cognitive
.distortions
-help .clients:
.• .better .understand .the .behaviors .of .others
• .develop .improved .coping .skills
-Psychoeducation
-Homework
• .to .help .clients .reinforce .& .build .on .what .was .learned .during .the .therapy
.session
motivational .interviewing .(MI) .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--helps .individuals .prepare .for
.change
-person-centered, .evidence-based .approach .to .behavior .change
-using .a .collaborative, .goal-oriented .communication .style
-empowers .clients .to .draw .on .their .meanings .& .capacities .to .facilitate
.change
• .addressing .issues .with .ambivalence .and .resistance
-grew .out .of .William .R. .Miller's .clinical .practice .working .with .clients .with
.substance .use .disorders .in .the .1980s
• .collaborated .with .Stephen .Rollnick .to .write .book: .Motivational .interviewing
,Indications .for .MI .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--reduction .of .substance .use .and .health
.promotion
-improving .medication .adherence .in .clients .with .schizophrenia
MI .Guiding .Principles .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--acceptance
-empathy
-compassion
-respect .of .client .autonomy
-acknowledgment .of .the .client's .strengths .& .efforts
-Spirit .of .MI
• .Partnership, .compassion, .acceptance, .evocation
MI .Role .of .the .Psychotherapist .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .-represented .by .the
.mnemonic .RULE:
Resist .the .righting .reflex
Understand .the .patient's .motivation
Listen .to .the .patient
Empower .the .patient
OARS .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .-Communication .skills .for .MI:
-Open .questions
• .cannot .be .answered .with .a .yes .or .no, .require .elaboration
-Affirming
• .provide .encouragement, .are .(+) .comments .on .a .client's .strengths .or .efforts
-Reflecting
• .mirror .the .content .or .feelings .explicitly .or .implicitly .stated .by .the .client
• .convey .empathy, .demonstrate .listening, .highlight .emotions .& .beliefs, .•
.provide .opportunities .for .the .client .to .elaborate .on .their .concerns
• .empower .clients .to .take .control .of .the .conversation
• .recommended .to .use .at .least .two .reflections .for .every .question
-Summarizing
• .links .together .what .has .been .stated .to .help .the .client .organize .their
.experiences
MI .Phases .of .the .Change .Process .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--engagement
, • .establishment .of .trust .& .a .helping .relationship .between .the .therapist .&
.client
• .uses .reflections .that .communicate .understanding
-focusing
• .identification .of .the .direction .or .target .of .the .change
• .uses .open-ended .questions
-evoking
• .identifying .the .client's .motivation .for .change .and .evoking .hope
• .uses .reflections .and .summaries
-planning
• .creating .a .plan .for .change
acceptance .and .commitment .therapy .(ACT) .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--helps
.individuals .accept .life's .challenges .while .focusing .on .their .values .and .goals
• .learning .how .to .relate .to .thoughts .& .feelings .which .impact .life .rather .than
.changing .those .thoughts .& .feelings
-referred .to .as .a ."third .wave" .CBT .therapy
-Accepting .reactions .and .being .present
-Choosing .a .valued .direction
-Taking .action
-Used .for:
• .depression, .anxiety, .substance .use, .chronic .pain, .transdiagnostic
.combinations .of .conditions
solution-focused .therapy .(SFT) .- .correct .Answers .✔✔ .--future-oriented .approach
-helps .client .ID .problems .& .construct .solutions .that .will .result .in .change
-postmodern .thinking
• .reality .is .shaped .by .multiple .and .conflicting ."truths" .& .constructed .through
.human .interaction
• .there .are .as .many .stories .of .meaning .as .there .are .people .involved
-fourth .force .of .psychotherapy
• .transpersonal, .going .beyond .the .ideas .of .humanness, .identity, .and .self-
actualization
-client .is .considered .to .be .the .expert .of .their .lives
-focus .from .the .problem .to .the .solution
-grew .out .of .the .work .at .the .Brief .Family .Therapy .Center .in .Milwaukee .in .the
.1970s
