NBME CBSE EXAM QUESTIONBANK
|GUARANTEED PASS!!!
Type II pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ surfactant
(*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Killed = Salk
= IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Maternal DM (*high
insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
,Type I pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Squamous gas
diffusion
Elastase in lungs - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ macrophage:
*lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Lysine interchain crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Air pressure
=0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Exhale of Tidal Volume
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ LHF,
pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is increased by - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
emphysema, age
,Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
DECREASE
ERV & FRC
Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
pulmonary = systemic
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Bronchial
circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
More ventilation is at the - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ basic,
cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ low
pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
CO2 transport to lungs - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ *carbonic
anhydrase*
, Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO poisoning causes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
Cyanide poisoning causes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ lactic acidosis
How to treat cyanide poisoning - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ *Amyl
nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)
Normal A-a gradient - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ 5-15
Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude
Increased A-a gradient - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ *Diffusion
impairment* (fibrosis)
*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema
AT --> AT II
|GUARANTEED PASS!!!
Type II pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ surfactant
(*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Killed = Salk
= IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Maternal DM (*high
insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
,Type I pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Squamous gas
diffusion
Elastase in lungs - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ macrophage:
*lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Lysine interchain crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Air pressure
=0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Exhale of Tidal Volume
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ LHF,
pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is increased by - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
emphysema, age
,Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
DECREASE
ERV & FRC
Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
pulmonary = systemic
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Bronchial
circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
More ventilation is at the - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ basic,
cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ low
pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
CO2 transport to lungs - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ *carbonic
anhydrase*
, Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO poisoning causes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
Cyanide poisoning causes - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ lactic acidosis
How to treat cyanide poisoning - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ *Amyl
nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)
Normal A-a gradient - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ 5-15
Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude
Increased A-a gradient - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ *Diffusion
impairment* (fibrosis)
*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema
AT --> AT II
