BIOL 432 Midterm Exam Questions with
100% Correct Answers
Histone acetylase Correct Answer adds acetyl group onto lysine to remove charge to
loosen DNA packaging
Changes histones into open conformation and allows for DNA folding and transcription
Concentrations influenced by hormones
Hepcidin Correct Answer a hormone produced by the liver that negatively regulates iron
balance in the gastrointestinal tract
Brefeldin A Correct Answer Inhibits Golgi function and secretion of hormones
Used to study hormone build-up
Coat associated protein II Correct Answer aids in vesicle transport from rough
endoplasmic reticulum to cis Golgi network
Coat associated protein I Correct Answer aides in retrograde transport of vesicles from
cis Golgi to trans Golgi and/or rough endoplasmic reticulumev
Pindolo Correct Answer non-selective beta blocker
Beta blocker Correct Answer A medication that reduces the workload of the heart by
slowing the rate of the heartbeat.
Idocyanopindolol (ICYP) Correct Answer is a beta 1 adrenoreceptor agonist and a 5-
HT1A antagonist
1251 radioactive derivative has been used to map the distribution of beta
adrenoreceptors
Agonist Correct Answer a molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, stimulates a
response
Antagonist Correct Answer molecule that blocks a response
GRP-associated protein (GAP) Correct Answer regulates G-alpha subunit and acts as a
scaffold for reassembly of subunits
Beta adrenergic receptor kinase and arrestin Correct Answer desensitizes the G protein
coupled receptor
, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) Correct Answer intracellular second
messenger that mediates hormone action
Activates protein kinases and opens Ca+2 channels
Produced by adenylyl cyclase activity
Camp response element binding protein (CREB) Correct Answer activated by catalytic
subunit of PKA when it's bound to camp
Enhances transcription
Diacylglycerol (DAG) Correct Answer A second messenger produced by the cleavage of
phosphatidylinositol (4,5) biphosphate
Activates protein kinase C to phosphorylate cytoplasmic membrane proteins and
increase transcription by binding to c-jun and c-fos
1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) Correct Answer A second messenger produced by the
cleavage of phosphatidylinositol (4,5) biphosphate
Stimulates Ca+2 channels to open
--> Ca+2 causes muscle contraction and transcription
Phosphatidylinositol (4,5) biphosphate Correct Answer cleaved by Phospholipase C
when it's been activated by G alpha q
Forms diacylglycerol and 1,4,5-triphosphate
Cholera Toxin Correct Answer causes ADP-ribosylation of Gαs = inhibits gtpase activity
- AC active longer
In gut = increase water and salt secretion
Growth factor receptor Correct Answer an integral membrane protein that contains a
domain specific for its ligand and also a cytoplasmic domain essential for transmitting
this binding of the ligand to the cytoplasm
Binds growth factor and will cause either
1. Signalling complexes
2. Phosphorylation cascade that ends in increasing transcription
Src homology domains Correct Answer active in the signalling complex formation of the
growth factor receptor
One type recognizes the phosphorylated tyrosine and one recognizes protein domains
100% Correct Answers
Histone acetylase Correct Answer adds acetyl group onto lysine to remove charge to
loosen DNA packaging
Changes histones into open conformation and allows for DNA folding and transcription
Concentrations influenced by hormones
Hepcidin Correct Answer a hormone produced by the liver that negatively regulates iron
balance in the gastrointestinal tract
Brefeldin A Correct Answer Inhibits Golgi function and secretion of hormones
Used to study hormone build-up
Coat associated protein II Correct Answer aids in vesicle transport from rough
endoplasmic reticulum to cis Golgi network
Coat associated protein I Correct Answer aides in retrograde transport of vesicles from
cis Golgi to trans Golgi and/or rough endoplasmic reticulumev
Pindolo Correct Answer non-selective beta blocker
Beta blocker Correct Answer A medication that reduces the workload of the heart by
slowing the rate of the heartbeat.
Idocyanopindolol (ICYP) Correct Answer is a beta 1 adrenoreceptor agonist and a 5-
HT1A antagonist
1251 radioactive derivative has been used to map the distribution of beta
adrenoreceptors
Agonist Correct Answer a molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, stimulates a
response
Antagonist Correct Answer molecule that blocks a response
GRP-associated protein (GAP) Correct Answer regulates G-alpha subunit and acts as a
scaffold for reassembly of subunits
Beta adrenergic receptor kinase and arrestin Correct Answer desensitizes the G protein
coupled receptor
, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) Correct Answer intracellular second
messenger that mediates hormone action
Activates protein kinases and opens Ca+2 channels
Produced by adenylyl cyclase activity
Camp response element binding protein (CREB) Correct Answer activated by catalytic
subunit of PKA when it's bound to camp
Enhances transcription
Diacylglycerol (DAG) Correct Answer A second messenger produced by the cleavage of
phosphatidylinositol (4,5) biphosphate
Activates protein kinase C to phosphorylate cytoplasmic membrane proteins and
increase transcription by binding to c-jun and c-fos
1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) Correct Answer A second messenger produced by the
cleavage of phosphatidylinositol (4,5) biphosphate
Stimulates Ca+2 channels to open
--> Ca+2 causes muscle contraction and transcription
Phosphatidylinositol (4,5) biphosphate Correct Answer cleaved by Phospholipase C
when it's been activated by G alpha q
Forms diacylglycerol and 1,4,5-triphosphate
Cholera Toxin Correct Answer causes ADP-ribosylation of Gαs = inhibits gtpase activity
- AC active longer
In gut = increase water and salt secretion
Growth factor receptor Correct Answer an integral membrane protein that contains a
domain specific for its ligand and also a cytoplasmic domain essential for transmitting
this binding of the ligand to the cytoplasm
Binds growth factor and will cause either
1. Signalling complexes
2. Phosphorylation cascade that ends in increasing transcription
Src homology domains Correct Answer active in the signalling complex formation of the
growth factor receptor
One type recognizes the phosphorylated tyrosine and one recognizes protein domains
