VUSN Pharm 5106 Diuretics Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

VUSN Pharm 5106 Diuretics Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Overview of diuretics - Answer️️ -block sodium (and thus water) and chloride reabsoprtion increase in urine flow is directly related to the amount of Na and Cl reabsorption it blocks diuretics that block reabsorption early in the nephron have potential of creating the greatest effect the more proximal to the bowmans capsule and the more distal to the collecting duct = the more powerful the diuretic What are the classifications of diuretics? - Answer️️ -high ceiling or loop diuretics - Lasix thiazide diuretics - Hydrochlorothiazide osmotic diuretics - Manniotl potassium sparing diuretics -aldosterone antagonists - Spirnonolactone or Aldactone -non aldosterone antagonists What are the types of loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -Lasix Furosemide ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Sunday, August 25, 2024 2:42 PM Vanderbilt University School of Nursing 2 Bumetanide Torsemide Ethacrynic acid What are the characteristics of loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -strong diuretic block transport of: Na, K, Cl increase excretion of: K, Mg, Ca What is the biggest issue with loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -hypokalemia usually on potassium supplements as well What are the therapeutic effects and indications for loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -increase Na excretion (25%)- severe edema increase urine volume- oliguric ARF increase Ca excretion- hypercalcemia impair free water reabsorption- hyponatremia increase venous capacitance- pulmonary edema What are the clinical uses of loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -edema due to CHF, nephritic syndrome or cirrhosis acute heart failure with pulmonary edema hypercalcemia ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Sunday, August 25, 2024 2:42 PM Vanderbilt University School of Nursing 3 What are the loop diuretics not used for? - Answer️️ -not used for treatment of hypertension not used for a home treatment -can't monitor and regulate -too much water -don't take potassium supplement What drugs interact with loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -digoxin- lowering K increases risk of dysrythmias lithium- suppressed excretion, increased serum levels ototoxic drugs- hearing loss (ie Gentamycin, increased serum levels of antibiotics due to decrease of water) What are the adverse effects of loop diuretics? - Answer️️ -