NUR 1211 Patho- Exam 1 Practice Questions

Activation of the RAA system causes what two main things happen in the body? - Salt & Water Retention A patient develops respiratory acidosis. What electrolyte imbalance can develop? - Hypokalemia What is the most common cause of cellular injury? - Oxygen deprivation ( HYPOXIA ) If O2 is not available for ATP production, how does the body produce energy? Is it more or less effective? - Starts breaking down cells in order to help itself. Mr. Jones is having heart dysrhythmias. What two electrolytes are of major concern? - Potassium and Magnesium What is one way to permanently move K+ out of the body? - Diuretics and Dialysis Where is the majority of Ca++ stored? - Bones Your patient has a positive Chvostek's sign. What imbalance do they have? - Hypocalcemia What system is more noticeably affected by changes in NA+ levels? - Renal System Mrs. Stone has a sodium level of 125. What are two ways to manage this electrolyte? - Free water restriction/Stop any diuretics Your patient is having a lot of diarrhea. What is the major acid base imbalance that can develop? - Metabolic Acidosis Name two ways the body compensates for a patient with respiratory alkalosis? - Retain Hydrogen Ions, Kidneys try to make urine more Alkaline. What does idiopathic mean? - unknown cause What is the term used to describe equilibrium in the body? - homeostasis Name two isotonic solutions. - Normal Saline and Lactated Ringers What happens to fluids when a patient is given a hypertonic solution? When would this type of solution be used? - Pulls into your bloodstream Urine output of < 50 mL per day is called? - ANURIA What can cause an increase in insensible fluid losses? - Sweating and Respiration The nurse reads a laboratory report that indicates that the tissue sample of a patient is essentially neoplastic. How does the nurse interpret this report? - Cell growth is abnormal