Updated 2024/2025
Questions and Answers
Verified 100%
MICR 351
How many phyla are in Archaea? ✔✔Two:
1) Euryarchaeota
2) Crenarchaeota
Gram-Negative Archaea characteristics: ✔✔S layer made of proteins or glycoproteins
Gram-Positive Archaea characteristics: ✔✔Have pseudomurein (cell wall) that is resistant to
lysozome and lactams
Archaea characteristics: ✔✔-Extremophiles
-Majority of components in membrane is not made up of phospholipids but glycerol-diether,
glycerol-tetraether, non-polar lipids
-Use Entner-Duodruff pathway to degrade glucose
Where are thermophilic archaea found? ✔✔-hydrothermal vents
-sulfur-rich hot spring
-deep submarine volcanic vents
How do archaea link to glucose? ✔✔Esther bonds
How are archaea able to live in such harsh environments? ✔✔Length adjustment to increase or
decrease hydrophobic interactions
, Extremophilic bacteria characteristics: ✔✔-Stan Gram (+)
-has outer membrane
-aerobic mesophile
- grow at 80-95ºC
What do we use to reduce microbe population? ✔✔Pasteurization and sanitation
What do we use for total elimination of microbes? ✔✔Sterilization
What do we use to eliminate infectious particles? ✔✔Disinfection or antisepsis
What germicides are used to kill microbes? ✔✔-bactericides
-fungicides
-algicides
-viricides
What agents are used as static agents to stop growth? ✔✔-bacteriostatic
-fungistatic
What are the physical non-specific means: ✔✔-heat
-low temp.
-filtration
-radiation
What are chemical non-specific means: ✔✔Reactive organic or inorganic agents
What does the D-value represent? ✔✔The time in minutes required to kill 90% of microbial
population.
Questions and Answers
Verified 100%
MICR 351
How many phyla are in Archaea? ✔✔Two:
1) Euryarchaeota
2) Crenarchaeota
Gram-Negative Archaea characteristics: ✔✔S layer made of proteins or glycoproteins
Gram-Positive Archaea characteristics: ✔✔Have pseudomurein (cell wall) that is resistant to
lysozome and lactams
Archaea characteristics: ✔✔-Extremophiles
-Majority of components in membrane is not made up of phospholipids but glycerol-diether,
glycerol-tetraether, non-polar lipids
-Use Entner-Duodruff pathway to degrade glucose
Where are thermophilic archaea found? ✔✔-hydrothermal vents
-sulfur-rich hot spring
-deep submarine volcanic vents
How do archaea link to glucose? ✔✔Esther bonds
How are archaea able to live in such harsh environments? ✔✔Length adjustment to increase or
decrease hydrophobic interactions
, Extremophilic bacteria characteristics: ✔✔-Stan Gram (+)
-has outer membrane
-aerobic mesophile
- grow at 80-95ºC
What do we use to reduce microbe population? ✔✔Pasteurization and sanitation
What do we use for total elimination of microbes? ✔✔Sterilization
What do we use to eliminate infectious particles? ✔✔Disinfection or antisepsis
What germicides are used to kill microbes? ✔✔-bactericides
-fungicides
-algicides
-viricides
What agents are used as static agents to stop growth? ✔✔-bacteriostatic
-fungistatic
What are the physical non-specific means: ✔✔-heat
-low temp.
-filtration
-radiation
What are chemical non-specific means: ✔✔Reactive organic or inorganic agents
What does the D-value represent? ✔✔The time in minutes required to kill 90% of microbial
population.
