Genetic Research in Human Populations

Genetic Research in Human Populations Which choice is the best definition of "genetic determinism?" A. Genetic testing can determine appropriate treatments for certain health conditions B. Genes are primarily responsible for human traits, including health, behavior, and disease C. Genetic information about an individual can foster stigma and discrimination D. Parents determine the nature of their children through the inheritance of genes B. Genes are primarily responsible for human traits, including health, behavior, and disease As of January 2015, the NIH expects investigators to obtain the informed (valid) consent of research participants in NIH -funded genetic research for broad research use of data and data sharing, even if the cell lines or specimens are: A. Identifiable B. De-Identified C. From subjects under 18 years of age D. From subjects over 18 years of age B. De-Identified Which of the following statements is accurate in determining subject risk involved in a genetic study: A. Understanding the purpose and context of a specific study is critical in determining the risk involved B. Understanding the risks involved in other genetic studies is critical in determining the risk involved in a new study C. All genetic studies should be considered no more than minimal risk D. All genetic studies should be considered greater than minimal risk A. Understanding the purpose and context of a specific study is critical in determining the risk involved Investigator A conducts research on emphysema using biospecimens from human subjects. The consent form indicates that the research will focus exclusively on emphysema. Investigator B wishes to use the biospecimens for research on lung cancer. Can Investigator B use the specimens for cancer research without re-consent if the specimens are de-identified? A. Yes, if the biospecimens are de-identified then the research is no longer considered human subjects research. B. Yes, because research with biospecimens is minimal risk. C. No, the original research subjects must be re-consented for the cancer research. D. No, because it would be unethical to conduct research that is not consistent with the consent form the subjects originally signed. A. Yes, if the biospecimens are de-identified then the research is no longer considered human subjects research. Which choice best describes the purpose of most pharmacogenomic research? A. To evaluate the association between individual genotypes and the safety and efficacy of a particular drug or class of drugs B. To evaluate how different racial and ethnic groups respond to certain drugs or classes of drugs C. To evaluate how the genomes of infectious agents impact the efficacy of certain antibiotics D. To evaluate whether genetic testing can reduce the cost of pharmaceuticals A. To evaluate the association between individual genotypes and the safety and efficacy of a particular drug or class of drugs