MICR 351 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS REVISED AND
UPDATED
What is directly involved in gram-negative peptidoglycan cross-linking? - Answer-
Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
T or F: A biofilm, smaller than a capsule, is a polysaccharide layer that is produced
immediately at the surface of bacteria that protect them from dessicaiton - Answer-False
Respectively, the amino acid side chains of Top and Ile at neutral pH are: - Answer-Top
uncharged aromatic and Ile is non-polar hydrophobic
In a beta-strand (not alpha-helix), how are amino acid side chains for polypeptide
oriented relative to each other? - Answer-Alternating amino acid side chains point in
opposite direction
If Valine, Aspartic acid, and Lysine form a 3 amino acid polypeptide chain, what is the
total positive, total negative, and net charge of this molecule at pH = 7? - Answer-Total
+2, total -2, net charge of 0
In a nucleotide (e.g. ATP) the glycosidic bond of the 5-carbon containing ribose sugar
involves the: - Answer-#1 carbon
Archaea adjusts bkiomembrane fluidity by: - Answer-- Having glycerol-tetraether
- Adjusting the level of bipentacyclic rings in the lipid interior of the membrane
In most biomolecules of living cells, amino acids and sugars exist as: - Answer-L-amino
acids and D-sugars
Which of the following could be used by microbes as final electron acceptors?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrate
c) Sulfate
d) Two of the above
e) All of the above - Answer-e) All of the above
True or False: For favorable reactions (i.e. exergonic), enzymes reduce the activation
energy for substrate(s) to reach transition states and reduces the free energy released.
- Answer-False
, Which of the following is/are not used to control the tryptophan operon in E. coli during
attenuation? - Answer-Rho-dependent transcriptional terminator
Which type(s) of transposon utilizes a resolves? - Answer-Replicative transposons
Cell-to-cell communication in Gram-negatives as a quorum generally utilizes what
molecule? - Answer-Acylated homoserine lactones
The pentose phosphate pathway provides: - Answer-- NADPH
- 4- and 5-carbon sugars for amino acid and nucleic acid synthesis
The microbe(s) that cannot produce oxygen during photosynthesis is (are): - Answer--
Green sulfur and non-sulfur bacteria
- Purple sulfur and non-sulfur bacteria
Which of the following are step(s) in translation elongation?
a) 30S ribosomal subunit and IF-3 binding
b) Aminoacyl-tRNA binding
c) Transpeptidation
d) Two of the abov
e) All are required - Answer-b) Aminoacyl-tRNA binding
c) Transpeptidation
True or False: Reverse transcriptase is a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase - Answer-
False
True or False: DnaK/L and GroEL/ES of E. coli are intense to help cut and fold proteins
using ATP - Answer-False
What is/are characteristic(s) of Archaea? - Answer-- They have 70S ribosomes like
bacteria that are not typically inhibited by antibacterials
- They can have mRNA that are polycistronic
True or False: Pasteurization is not sterilization, but it is a process to reduce microbes
preventing them from spoiling food and beverages - Answer-True
Normally, what is true about photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen donates its electrons, which gets excited by light to initiate electron transport
b) NADPH or NADH donates its electrons to initiate electron transport
c) Both can happen in photosynthesis
d) None of these happens in photosynthesis - Answer-d) None of these happens in
photosynthesis
True or False: A piece of DNA entering a cell is suicidal if it does not have an origin of
replication - Answer-True
WITH ANSWERS REVISED AND
UPDATED
What is directly involved in gram-negative peptidoglycan cross-linking? - Answer-
Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
T or F: A biofilm, smaller than a capsule, is a polysaccharide layer that is produced
immediately at the surface of bacteria that protect them from dessicaiton - Answer-False
Respectively, the amino acid side chains of Top and Ile at neutral pH are: - Answer-Top
uncharged aromatic and Ile is non-polar hydrophobic
In a beta-strand (not alpha-helix), how are amino acid side chains for polypeptide
oriented relative to each other? - Answer-Alternating amino acid side chains point in
opposite direction
If Valine, Aspartic acid, and Lysine form a 3 amino acid polypeptide chain, what is the
total positive, total negative, and net charge of this molecule at pH = 7? - Answer-Total
+2, total -2, net charge of 0
In a nucleotide (e.g. ATP) the glycosidic bond of the 5-carbon containing ribose sugar
involves the: - Answer-#1 carbon
Archaea adjusts bkiomembrane fluidity by: - Answer-- Having glycerol-tetraether
- Adjusting the level of bipentacyclic rings in the lipid interior of the membrane
In most biomolecules of living cells, amino acids and sugars exist as: - Answer-L-amino
acids and D-sugars
Which of the following could be used by microbes as final electron acceptors?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrate
c) Sulfate
d) Two of the above
e) All of the above - Answer-e) All of the above
True or False: For favorable reactions (i.e. exergonic), enzymes reduce the activation
energy for substrate(s) to reach transition states and reduces the free energy released.
- Answer-False
, Which of the following is/are not used to control the tryptophan operon in E. coli during
attenuation? - Answer-Rho-dependent transcriptional terminator
Which type(s) of transposon utilizes a resolves? - Answer-Replicative transposons
Cell-to-cell communication in Gram-negatives as a quorum generally utilizes what
molecule? - Answer-Acylated homoserine lactones
The pentose phosphate pathway provides: - Answer-- NADPH
- 4- and 5-carbon sugars for amino acid and nucleic acid synthesis
The microbe(s) that cannot produce oxygen during photosynthesis is (are): - Answer--
Green sulfur and non-sulfur bacteria
- Purple sulfur and non-sulfur bacteria
Which of the following are step(s) in translation elongation?
a) 30S ribosomal subunit and IF-3 binding
b) Aminoacyl-tRNA binding
c) Transpeptidation
d) Two of the abov
e) All are required - Answer-b) Aminoacyl-tRNA binding
c) Transpeptidation
True or False: Reverse transcriptase is a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase - Answer-
False
True or False: DnaK/L and GroEL/ES of E. coli are intense to help cut and fold proteins
using ATP - Answer-False
What is/are characteristic(s) of Archaea? - Answer-- They have 70S ribosomes like
bacteria that are not typically inhibited by antibacterials
- They can have mRNA that are polycistronic
True or False: Pasteurization is not sterilization, but it is a process to reduce microbes
preventing them from spoiling food and beverages - Answer-True
Normally, what is true about photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen donates its electrons, which gets excited by light to initiate electron transport
b) NADPH or NADH donates its electrons to initiate electron transport
c) Both can happen in photosynthesis
d) None of these happens in photosynthesis - Answer-d) None of these happens in
photosynthesis
True or False: A piece of DNA entering a cell is suicidal if it does not have an origin of
replication - Answer-True
