WGU D094 Objective Assessment Exam Prep (Qs and As) |Latest Update |Questions and Verified Answers (100 out of 100)

WGU D094 Objective Assessment Exam Prep (Qs and As) Latest Update Questions and Verified Answers (100 out of 100) Section 1: True/False 1. Arnold Gesell theorized that children develop according to distinct developmental stages. o True 2. Physiological needs are the first needs that must be met in Maslow's hierarchy. o True 3. Anika is attempting to meet a safety need by running for student council president. o False 4. Ren is 3 years old. His preschool teacher is worried because he can't print his name yet. The teacher's concern is justified. o False 5. Vygotsky emphasizes the role of culture on development far more than Piaget does. o True 6. A classroom that emphasizes a student's social interaction with a more skilled partner is based on the ideas proposed by Piaget. o False 7. Bandura identified two kinds of models from which people could observe and learn new skills: verbal and symbolic. o False 8. Carol Gilligan believes that women bring a distinct perspective to ethical discussions because they prioritize abstract issues of right and wrong. o False 9. Chomsky would say that a child's pattern of language use demonstrates the existence of universal grammar. o True 10. According to typical language development expectations, a 2 to 3-year-old child should be able to follow multi-phrase classroom directions with abstract language. • False ________________________________________ Section 2: Multiple Choice 11. Which two activities should an 18-month-old be able to perform? • A) Tying shoes & cutting paper • B) Stacking books & using fingers to eat crackers • C) Writing letters & riding a tricycle • D) Running smoothly & using scissors • Answer: B) Stacking books & using fingers to eat crackers 12. Lucas is a 4th-grade student who has read almost every book in the class library and asks for more challenging books. Which need is he trying to satisfy? • A) Safety • B) Esteem • C) Cognitive • D) Love and Belonging • Answer: C) Cognitive 13. Which of the following is typical of the social and emotional skills a child in elementary or grade school might display? • A) May be indifferent to peer opinions • B) May try to verbalize feelings, but might become aggressive when under stress • C) Understands complex emotional relationships • D) Displays abstract ethical reasoning • Answer: B) May try to verbalize feelings, but might become aggressive when under stress 14. What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) according to Vygotsky? • A) The difference between what a learner knows and what they don't know • B) The level of development just above where a learner is currently functioning • C) The space where a child learns independently without help • D) The final stage of cognitive development • Answer: B) The level of development just above where a learner is currently functioning 15. A 5-year-old student learning to draw by watching and receiving demonstrations from a teacher reflects which theorist's approach? • A) Piaget • B) Vygotsky • C) Kohlberg • D) Erikson • Answer: B) Vygotsky 16. A student decides to start a diversity club at school, hoping to advocate for inclusivity and equity. This aligns with which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development? • A) Preconventional • B) Conventional • C) Postconventional • D) Instrumental orientation • Answer: C) Postconventional 17. A teacher uses shaping by first reinforcing "more," then "more juice," and finally "more juice please." Which principle of operant conditioning is being used? • A) Extinction • B) Chaining • C) Shaping • D) Generalization • Answer: C) Shaping 18. Which theory suggests that learning occurs via social interactions with more skilled individuals? • A) Piaget’s Constructivist Theory • B) Skinner's Operant Conditioning • C) Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory • D) Erikson’s Psychosocial Development • Answer: C) Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory ________________________________________ Section 3: Short Answer 19. Describe the "Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt" stage in Erikson's theory. • Answer: In the "Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt" stage (ages 1 to 3 years), children begin to explore the world and learn that they can control their actions and environment to get results. They start to establish independence, such as choosing clothes and dressing themselves. If denied autonomy, they may doubt their abilities, leading to low self-esteem and feelings of shame. 20. Explain the difference between assimilation and accommodation in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. • Answer: Assimilation is the cognitive process of fitting new information into existing schemas without changing the overall understanding. Accommodation involves revising existing schemas or creating new ones when new information does not fit, allowing for a new understanding of the world. 21. What is "observational learning," according to Bandura? Provide an example. • Answer: Observational learning is learning that occurs by watching and imitating others' behaviors. For example, a child learning to tie their shoes by watching their older sibling perform the task. 22. Outline the main difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's views on learning. • Answer: Piaget emphasized individual cognitive development stages and believed learning occurs through active discovery. Vygotsky, however, emphasized the social and cultural context of learning, believing that cognitive development is guided by social interactions and scaffolding from more knowledgeable others. 23. What is Maslow's concept of "self-actualization," and where does it fall in his hierarchy of needs? • Answer: Self-actualization is the realization of one's full potential and personal growth. It is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, representing the fulfillment of one's highest needs for self-development and realization.