APHY 101 Final Exam Questions with Complete
verified Solutions
What are radioisotopes used for in medical settings? - ANSWER They form the basis for
nuclear medicine
What is the difference between a physical mixture and matter that is chemically combined?
- ANSWER Physical mixture- when atoms of two or more elements are physically mixed
Chemically combined- atoms of two or more elements that are joined together; cannot be
separated
What is a molecule? - ANSWER Atoms combined to form chemical bonds
When electrons are transferred between a metal atom and a nonmetal atom - ANSWER Ionic
bond
Sharing electrons between two or more nonmetals; strongest type of chemical bond - ANSWER
Covalent bond
When two or more atoms that bond are of different elements - ANSWER Compound
Explain the difference between a nonpolar and polar molecule - ANSWER Nonpolar
molecule-molecules in which nonpolar bonds predominate
Polar molecule- molecules of compounds that contain primarily polar bonds
The weak attractions between the partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative
nonmetal atoms in polar covalent molecules - ANSWER Hydrogen bond
, What does it mean when an element is reactive or inert? - ANSWER Reactive: how readily
a substance undergoes a chemical reaction
Inert: non-reactive
A charged atom due to loss or gain of an electron - ANSWER Ion
Negatively charged ion - ANSWER Anion
Positively charged ion - ANSWER Cation
What is formed by the loss of an electron? - ANSWER Cation
Any time chemical bonds are formed, broken, or rearranged, or when electrons are transferred
between two or more atoms - ANSWER Chemical reaction
Starting substances in a chemical reaction - ANSWER Reactants
Finishing substances in a chemical reaction - ANSWER Products
Differentiate between catabolic reactions, exchange reactions, and anabolic reactions
- ANSWER Catabolic reactions- larger reactants broken into smaller ones; AB>A+B
Exchange reactions- one or more atoms from the reactants are exchanged for another;
AB+CD>AD+BC
Anabolic reactions- smaller reactants used to synthesize larger products; A+B>AB
A type of catalyst which is used to increase reaction rate by decreasing the amount of
activation energy required to drive a reaction forward - ANSWER Enzyme
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions? - ANSWER Enzymes don't alter the nature of the
chemical reaction
verified Solutions
What are radioisotopes used for in medical settings? - ANSWER They form the basis for
nuclear medicine
What is the difference between a physical mixture and matter that is chemically combined?
- ANSWER Physical mixture- when atoms of two or more elements are physically mixed
Chemically combined- atoms of two or more elements that are joined together; cannot be
separated
What is a molecule? - ANSWER Atoms combined to form chemical bonds
When electrons are transferred between a metal atom and a nonmetal atom - ANSWER Ionic
bond
Sharing electrons between two or more nonmetals; strongest type of chemical bond - ANSWER
Covalent bond
When two or more atoms that bond are of different elements - ANSWER Compound
Explain the difference between a nonpolar and polar molecule - ANSWER Nonpolar
molecule-molecules in which nonpolar bonds predominate
Polar molecule- molecules of compounds that contain primarily polar bonds
The weak attractions between the partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative
nonmetal atoms in polar covalent molecules - ANSWER Hydrogen bond
, What does it mean when an element is reactive or inert? - ANSWER Reactive: how readily
a substance undergoes a chemical reaction
Inert: non-reactive
A charged atom due to loss or gain of an electron - ANSWER Ion
Negatively charged ion - ANSWER Anion
Positively charged ion - ANSWER Cation
What is formed by the loss of an electron? - ANSWER Cation
Any time chemical bonds are formed, broken, or rearranged, or when electrons are transferred
between two or more atoms - ANSWER Chemical reaction
Starting substances in a chemical reaction - ANSWER Reactants
Finishing substances in a chemical reaction - ANSWER Products
Differentiate between catabolic reactions, exchange reactions, and anabolic reactions
- ANSWER Catabolic reactions- larger reactants broken into smaller ones; AB>A+B
Exchange reactions- one or more atoms from the reactants are exchanged for another;
AB+CD>AD+BC
Anabolic reactions- smaller reactants used to synthesize larger products; A+B>AB
A type of catalyst which is used to increase reaction rate by decreasing the amount of
activation energy required to drive a reaction forward - ANSWER Enzyme
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions? - ANSWER Enzymes don't alter the nature of the
chemical reaction
