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Summary A Level AQA Physics Particles and Radioactivity revision notes

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In depth notes on particles and radioactivity including diagrams, photos and examples.

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Uploaded on
August 27, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2023/2024
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Inside the atom Stable / Unstable nuclei Forces
Unstable atoms ·
you
Lithium or loses electron
↑picks up a low

↳> becomes 3 El
·
be unstable in 2 electrically charged and
highly
electron
Layout of
a lithium atom can
ways-> when
· -

reactive
0 prts ·
s
pretos protons & ·
you
o neutron. neutrons are
8888 & neutrons
4
atom
3.
·
⑧ unbalanced => the
when is unstable ittries to
·
3 electrons
achieve equilibrium by emitting particles
You
ATIN until nucleus ↓
·


in the form of
Prious & neutrons] NONS
Electrons] Orbitnucleus shells
is stable
colla
charge
in
stable atoms 04 means vestable
hasa netelectrical of atoms become




·e
The Nudeus
consists
protons
of & neutrons -> nucleons ↳ balanced no.st- -> no.d RAACTIVE
neutrons
macs
number or
-> A protons
X element
Nucleonor symbol TheBasics
a
Poston Atomic Election Radioactive
-
number number
Unstable decay Stable
Isstopes
Any
of two or more forms a chemical element isotope
when there are extra
iso to
pe
·
same number of
protons in nucleus, different
number of
nations Note: thatth
& neutrons
protons electros
12-13
C
I
B decay
L
(be a) I Particle
Property
+



Proton Neutr
Electron c)
decaly Particles
Relative charge
·

7


16x18+
9
+

1.6x18
-
19



8
Calphal
↑ decay
(gammal
and
Radioactivity Proton
Neutron
-
A

charge (C)
·




Election

Max (kg) g.11x18 1.673x1827 1.675x1827 AlphaDecay Neutrino

& & neutronsare emitted as a
·
When I protons single particle
from the nucleus

·
The nucleon (A) decreases by 4, Atomic number (2) decreases by 2 Position emission

takes whe
Specific Charge 3 to other element place
Result productorders belongs
position-emitting isotop
·




Specificcharge valuethat
states how much
charge something to it'sman
has in relation a
↑X 4y c
-


=




Is
They
+



C are ma
specificcharge large
<
2 -

2
protons
Massakg
of

↳(kg
"



Beta
NUcIeUs
Decay
mastive positively charged centre of
anatom
=>




·
when when turns
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