Radiographic Pathology - Nervous
System
central nervous system consists of... correct answers brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system consists of... correct answers 12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31
pairs of spinal nerves, autonomic nerves and ganglia
the somatic nervous system supplies... correct answers striated skeletal muscles
the autonomic nervous sytem supplies... correct answers smooth muscle, cardiac
muscle, glandular epithelial tissue
the basic unit of the nervous system is the... correct answers neuron
the largest part of te brain is the ______ which consists of _______ hemispheres
correct answers cerebrum
2
the basal ganglia are islands of grey matter that lie deep within the white matter and
cosist of the ______, _______, and _______. correct answers caudate nuclei, globus
pallidus, and putamen
the brainstem consists of the ________, ______ and _______ correct answers
midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
diseases of the cerebellum, the second largest part of the brain, produce characteristic
symptoms as ... correct answers ataxia (muscle incoordination)
tremors
disturbances of gait and equilibrium
the diancephalon lies between the _______ and _______ . it contains ... correct
answers cerebrum and midbrain
thalamus
hypothalamus
the thalamus primarily functions as... correct answers a relay station
the hypothalamus functions as a link between the ______ and ______ . It also helps to
maintain ... correct answers mind and body
body temperature
waking state
, the ventricles are four spaces within the brain that contain _______ correct answers
cerebrospinal fluid
CSF is produced by the filtration of plasma from blood in the _________ . after flowing
through the ventricular system the fluid circulates in the __________ space. correct
answers choroid plexuses
subarachnoid space
define Meningitis
plain images of the sinuses and skull can demonstrate ____________, __________, or
a _______ as the underlying cause correct answers an acute inflammation of the pia
mater and arachnoid
• cranial osteomyelitis, paranasal sinusitis, or skull fracture
bacterial meningitis is most commonly caused by _________ in neonates and young
children, and by _________ in adolescents and adults correct answers Haemophilus
influenzae
meningococci and pneumococci
viral meningitis may be caused by... correct answers mumps, poliovirus, herpes
simplex
a _______ is necessary to determine the cause of meningitis correct answers spinal
tap
encephalitis is a _______ inflammation of the ________ and ________ .
MRI shows ...
CT shows ... correct answers viral
brain and meninges
• hyperintensity on T2-weighted images
• low-attenuation regions without focal enhancement, mass effect (midline shift)
brain abscesses are usually a result of ... correct answers chronic infections of the
middle ear, paranasal sinuses, or mastoid air cells, or of systemic infections.
brain abscesses first appear on CT or MRI as...
treatment includes... correct answers areas of abnormal density with poorly defined
borders and a mass effect reflecting vascular congestion and edema.
• broad spectrum antibiotics, craniotomy, medication to reduce increased intracranial
pressure
Subdural empyemas occur where?
how do they most commonly occur?
System
central nervous system consists of... correct answers brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system consists of... correct answers 12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31
pairs of spinal nerves, autonomic nerves and ganglia
the somatic nervous system supplies... correct answers striated skeletal muscles
the autonomic nervous sytem supplies... correct answers smooth muscle, cardiac
muscle, glandular epithelial tissue
the basic unit of the nervous system is the... correct answers neuron
the largest part of te brain is the ______ which consists of _______ hemispheres
correct answers cerebrum
2
the basal ganglia are islands of grey matter that lie deep within the white matter and
cosist of the ______, _______, and _______. correct answers caudate nuclei, globus
pallidus, and putamen
the brainstem consists of the ________, ______ and _______ correct answers
midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
diseases of the cerebellum, the second largest part of the brain, produce characteristic
symptoms as ... correct answers ataxia (muscle incoordination)
tremors
disturbances of gait and equilibrium
the diancephalon lies between the _______ and _______ . it contains ... correct
answers cerebrum and midbrain
thalamus
hypothalamus
the thalamus primarily functions as... correct answers a relay station
the hypothalamus functions as a link between the ______ and ______ . It also helps to
maintain ... correct answers mind and body
body temperature
waking state
, the ventricles are four spaces within the brain that contain _______ correct answers
cerebrospinal fluid
CSF is produced by the filtration of plasma from blood in the _________ . after flowing
through the ventricular system the fluid circulates in the __________ space. correct
answers choroid plexuses
subarachnoid space
define Meningitis
plain images of the sinuses and skull can demonstrate ____________, __________, or
a _______ as the underlying cause correct answers an acute inflammation of the pia
mater and arachnoid
• cranial osteomyelitis, paranasal sinusitis, or skull fracture
bacterial meningitis is most commonly caused by _________ in neonates and young
children, and by _________ in adolescents and adults correct answers Haemophilus
influenzae
meningococci and pneumococci
viral meningitis may be caused by... correct answers mumps, poliovirus, herpes
simplex
a _______ is necessary to determine the cause of meningitis correct answers spinal
tap
encephalitis is a _______ inflammation of the ________ and ________ .
MRI shows ...
CT shows ... correct answers viral
brain and meninges
• hyperintensity on T2-weighted images
• low-attenuation regions without focal enhancement, mass effect (midline shift)
brain abscesses are usually a result of ... correct answers chronic infections of the
middle ear, paranasal sinuses, or mastoid air cells, or of systemic infections.
brain abscesses first appear on CT or MRI as...
treatment includes... correct answers areas of abnormal density with poorly defined
borders and a mass effect reflecting vascular congestion and edema.
• broad spectrum antibiotics, craniotomy, medication to reduce increased intracranial
pressure
Subdural empyemas occur where?
how do they most commonly occur?
