Chapter 4 Radiographic Pathology
Esophageal Atresia correct answers Congenital absence of an opening or an open
esophageal lumen, results in a blind pouch.
Tracheoesophageal Fistula correct answers A congenital or acquired passageway
between the trachea and the esophagus. The most common is the congenital type III,
where the esophagus appears to be in two parts; The lower end of the upper
esophagus ends in a blind pouch and the upper end of the lower part is attached to the
trachea.
Achalasia correct answers The combined failure of peristalsis to pass food down the
esophagus and failure of relaxation of the cardia. Shows the "rat tail" radiographic
appearance.
Peristaltic Asynchrony correct answers Esophageal motility becomes tertiary
contractions, which causing a classic and readily identifiable radiographic image known
as "corkscrew esophagus".
Hiatal Hernia correct answers Protrusion of a part of the stomach through the
esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. There are two different types: sliding hernia and
rolling hernia
Sliding Hernia correct answers The most common type of hernia in which the stomach
slides up into the esophagus.
Rolling Hernia correct answers Also known as paraesophageal hiatal hernia. It occurs
through the normal hiatus, but is alongside the esophagus.
Pulsion Diverticula correct answers Usually located at the esophageal junction, they
have a narrow neck with a round head protruding from the weekend esophageal wall:
ex) Zenker diverticulum, Epiphrenic diverticulum, and Pharyngeal pouch
Traction Diverticula correct answers Occur at the tracheal bifurcation, or at the middle
third portion of the esophagus caused by scarring of the esophagus from a disease
such as tuberculosis. They are triangular in shape.
Dysphagia correct answers Difficulty in swallowing
Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease (GERD) correct answers An inflammation of the
mucosa and submucosa of the lower esophagus. Heartburn and pain are caused by
reflex of gastric acid from the stomach into the esophagus. It may lead to Barrett
esophagus.
Esophageal Atresia correct answers Congenital absence of an opening or an open
esophageal lumen, results in a blind pouch.
Tracheoesophageal Fistula correct answers A congenital or acquired passageway
between the trachea and the esophagus. The most common is the congenital type III,
where the esophagus appears to be in two parts; The lower end of the upper
esophagus ends in a blind pouch and the upper end of the lower part is attached to the
trachea.
Achalasia correct answers The combined failure of peristalsis to pass food down the
esophagus and failure of relaxation of the cardia. Shows the "rat tail" radiographic
appearance.
Peristaltic Asynchrony correct answers Esophageal motility becomes tertiary
contractions, which causing a classic and readily identifiable radiographic image known
as "corkscrew esophagus".
Hiatal Hernia correct answers Protrusion of a part of the stomach through the
esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. There are two different types: sliding hernia and
rolling hernia
Sliding Hernia correct answers The most common type of hernia in which the stomach
slides up into the esophagus.
Rolling Hernia correct answers Also known as paraesophageal hiatal hernia. It occurs
through the normal hiatus, but is alongside the esophagus.
Pulsion Diverticula correct answers Usually located at the esophageal junction, they
have a narrow neck with a round head protruding from the weekend esophageal wall:
ex) Zenker diverticulum, Epiphrenic diverticulum, and Pharyngeal pouch
Traction Diverticula correct answers Occur at the tracheal bifurcation, or at the middle
third portion of the esophagus caused by scarring of the esophagus from a disease
such as tuberculosis. They are triangular in shape.
Dysphagia correct answers Difficulty in swallowing
Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease (GERD) correct answers An inflammation of the
mucosa and submucosa of the lower esophagus. Heartburn and pain are caused by
reflex of gastric acid from the stomach into the esophagus. It may lead to Barrett
esophagus.
