Radiographic Pathology Ch. 5-
Gastrointestinal System
What is the basic function of the GI system? correct answers To alter the chemical and
physical composition of food so it can be absorbed and used by body cells
Controlled movement of ingested food through the tract so absorption can occur is
termed? correct answers Peristalsis
What are the 2 types of Tracheoesophageal Fistula? correct answers Congenital and
Acquired
What is congenital TF? correct answers A result from the failure of the esophageal
lumen to develop completely separate from the trachea
What is acquired TF? correct answers Caused by cancer, infection, trauma,
instumentation perforation
What is Esophageal Atresia? correct answers The lack of development of the
esophageal lumen resulting in a "blind pouch"- an absence in contiguity of the
esophagus due to an inappropriate division of the primitive foregut into the trachea and
esophagus
What is the most common congenital anomaly of the esophagus? correct answers
Esophageal Atresia
If a chest x-ray shows an NG tube insertion looping and turning back at the upper
thoracic part of the esophagus or heading into the trachea and/or bronchial tree this
would indicate what pathology? correct answers Esophageal Atresia
If there is air in the stomach and bowel on an abdominal xray of someone with
Esophageal Atresia this would imply which pathology is also present? correct answers
distal fistula
Aside from the NG tube looping, A chest X-ray of someone with Esophageal Atresia
may show what? correct answers A dilated pharyngeal pouch
What are the two types of Esophagitis? correct answers Acute and Chronic
The acute form of esophagitis is most commonly the result of ? correct answers reflux
of stomach contents into the distal esophagus- (gerd)
, What does GERD stand for? correct answers Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Chronic Esophagitis may result in what? correct answers Strictures or Barrett's
esophagus
Esophagitis may also be caused by infections with correct answers Herpes virus or
Candida
____________ causes acute inflammatory changes in the esophagus. correct answers
Ingestion of corrosive agents
Superficial penetration of the toxic agent results in correct answers minimal ulceration
Deeper penetration of the submucosa and muscular layers causes correct answers
sloughing of the destroyed tissue and ulceration
True or False. Corrosive ingestion can harm the esophagus without the stomach ?
correct answers true- the gastric acid can neautralize the alkalinity of the caustic
substances
The severity of ingesting corrosive agents depends on __________ and ___________
correct answers the amount of time the agent has been in contact with the esophageal
mucosa and the concentration of the caustic substance
Most esophageal cancers are ____________ type. correct answers Squamous Cell
Most common site for Esophageal cancer is in the ___________ correct answers
Esophagogastric Junction
Esophageal cancers are most commonly associated with what social habits? correct
answers Excessive alcohol use and smoking
List the symptoms of Esophageal cancers correct answers dysphagia, weight loss,
chronic worsening gerd and hoarsness, cough, vocal cord paralysis
___________ is outpouchings of the esophageal wall correct answers Esophageal
Diverticula
Outpouchings lesions that contain all layers of the esophageal wall are called? correct
answers Traction or True Diverticula
Outpouching lesions that are composed of only mucosa and submucosa herniating
through the muscular layer of the esophageal wall are called? correct answers Pulsion
or False Diverticula
Gastrointestinal System
What is the basic function of the GI system? correct answers To alter the chemical and
physical composition of food so it can be absorbed and used by body cells
Controlled movement of ingested food through the tract so absorption can occur is
termed? correct answers Peristalsis
What are the 2 types of Tracheoesophageal Fistula? correct answers Congenital and
Acquired
What is congenital TF? correct answers A result from the failure of the esophageal
lumen to develop completely separate from the trachea
What is acquired TF? correct answers Caused by cancer, infection, trauma,
instumentation perforation
What is Esophageal Atresia? correct answers The lack of development of the
esophageal lumen resulting in a "blind pouch"- an absence in contiguity of the
esophagus due to an inappropriate division of the primitive foregut into the trachea and
esophagus
What is the most common congenital anomaly of the esophagus? correct answers
Esophageal Atresia
If a chest x-ray shows an NG tube insertion looping and turning back at the upper
thoracic part of the esophagus or heading into the trachea and/or bronchial tree this
would indicate what pathology? correct answers Esophageal Atresia
If there is air in the stomach and bowel on an abdominal xray of someone with
Esophageal Atresia this would imply which pathology is also present? correct answers
distal fistula
Aside from the NG tube looping, A chest X-ray of someone with Esophageal Atresia
may show what? correct answers A dilated pharyngeal pouch
What are the two types of Esophagitis? correct answers Acute and Chronic
The acute form of esophagitis is most commonly the result of ? correct answers reflux
of stomach contents into the distal esophagus- (gerd)
, What does GERD stand for? correct answers Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Chronic Esophagitis may result in what? correct answers Strictures or Barrett's
esophagus
Esophagitis may also be caused by infections with correct answers Herpes virus or
Candida
____________ causes acute inflammatory changes in the esophagus. correct answers
Ingestion of corrosive agents
Superficial penetration of the toxic agent results in correct answers minimal ulceration
Deeper penetration of the submucosa and muscular layers causes correct answers
sloughing of the destroyed tissue and ulceration
True or False. Corrosive ingestion can harm the esophagus without the stomach ?
correct answers true- the gastric acid can neautralize the alkalinity of the caustic
substances
The severity of ingesting corrosive agents depends on __________ and ___________
correct answers the amount of time the agent has been in contact with the esophageal
mucosa and the concentration of the caustic substance
Most esophageal cancers are ____________ type. correct answers Squamous Cell
Most common site for Esophageal cancer is in the ___________ correct answers
Esophagogastric Junction
Esophageal cancers are most commonly associated with what social habits? correct
answers Excessive alcohol use and smoking
List the symptoms of Esophageal cancers correct answers dysphagia, weight loss,
chronic worsening gerd and hoarsness, cough, vocal cord paralysis
___________ is outpouchings of the esophageal wall correct answers Esophageal
Diverticula
Outpouchings lesions that contain all layers of the esophageal wall are called? correct
answers Traction or True Diverticula
Outpouching lesions that are composed of only mucosa and submucosa herniating
through the muscular layer of the esophageal wall are called? correct answers Pulsion
or False Diverticula
