BHS 329 Chapter 9 Test
with Complete Solutions
The principle behind cation exchange is that _____ ions are _____ . An example of this
type of exchange that is used in the body for buffering is _____ . - Answer-a positive,
exchanged for ions of the same charge, K+/H+
If your kidneys are unable to excrete the proper amount of HCO3-, then you are at risk
for: - Answer-alkalosis
The portion of the bicarbonate buffering system that is controlled by the kidneys is: -
Answer-the portion concerned with H+ and HCO3-
The COOH group on an amino acid is considered _____ because it can _____ . -
Answer-an acid, donate a hydrogen ion
Parenteral nutrition is given at a pH of 7.4. Why, then, can it lead to acidosis? - Answer-
The HCl in the fromulation delivers excess chloride and depletes the body's supply of
bases
In addition to the loss of important electrolytes, another concern for people with salt-
losing tubulopathies is the development of: - Answer-metabolic alkalosis
The portion of the protein buffering system that acts as a base is: - Answer-the NH3
group
The organ that primarily regulates the production of and excretion of acids and bases is:
- Answer-kidney
Salt-losing tubulopathies are often manifested: - Answer-before adulthood
The portion of the bicarbonate buffering system that is controlled by the lung is: -
Answer-the portion concered with CO2 and H2O
Reasons for acidosis can include: - Answer-an increase in acid production or a loss of
bicarbonate
, One of your patients has a sodium ion concentration of 140 mEq/L, a chloride
concentration of 100, and a bicarbonate concentration of 29. The patient's ion gap is
_____ and they can best be described as having _____ . - Answer-11, no acidosis
The phosphate buffer system and ammonia buffer system are used in the: - Answer-
tubular buffer system
If a patient already has hypokalemia, they are at risk of developing: - Answer-alkalosis
A patient with asymptomatic hyperlactemia requires: - Answer-no treatment
A potential treatment for the acid-base imbalance induced by parenteral nutrition
includes: - Answer-taking bicarbonate
If the concentration of hydrogen ions is high, the solution is considered _____ , and the
pH will be _____ . - Answer-acidic, below 7
To calculate the anion gap, you would: - Answer-subtract the sum of the chloride and
bicarbonate ion contentration from the sodium ion concentration
Normal physiologic pH and it's normal range are defined as: - Answer-7.4 (range 7.35-
7.45)
A condition that includes a moderately elevated level of lactic acid in the blood and is
often asymptomatic is: - Answer-hyperlactemia
The principle behind anion exchange is that _____ ions are _____ . An example of this
type of exchange that is used in the body for buffering is _____ . - Answer-negative,
exchanged for an ion of the same charge, Cl-/HCO3-
Patients who are hyperchloremic are at risk of also having _____ because the
exchange of _____ . The reason to have the exchange in the first place is to _____ . -
Answer-acidosis, chloride for bicarbonate, retain proper ionic balance in the blood
You have a patient who presents with an anion gap of 13. You conclude the patient: -
Answer-may or may not have acidosis becaues acidosis cannot be determined without
additional information about the chloride and bicarbonate ion concentrations
A patient with severe acidosis is expected to have a respiratory rate that is: - Answer-
increased
The portion of the protein buffering system that acts as an acid is: - Answer-the COOH
group
The anion gap typically involves which ions: - Answer-sodium, chloride and bicarbonate
with Complete Solutions
The principle behind cation exchange is that _____ ions are _____ . An example of this
type of exchange that is used in the body for buffering is _____ . - Answer-a positive,
exchanged for ions of the same charge, K+/H+
If your kidneys are unable to excrete the proper amount of HCO3-, then you are at risk
for: - Answer-alkalosis
The portion of the bicarbonate buffering system that is controlled by the kidneys is: -
Answer-the portion concerned with H+ and HCO3-
The COOH group on an amino acid is considered _____ because it can _____ . -
Answer-an acid, donate a hydrogen ion
Parenteral nutrition is given at a pH of 7.4. Why, then, can it lead to acidosis? - Answer-
The HCl in the fromulation delivers excess chloride and depletes the body's supply of
bases
In addition to the loss of important electrolytes, another concern for people with salt-
losing tubulopathies is the development of: - Answer-metabolic alkalosis
The portion of the protein buffering system that acts as a base is: - Answer-the NH3
group
The organ that primarily regulates the production of and excretion of acids and bases is:
- Answer-kidney
Salt-losing tubulopathies are often manifested: - Answer-before adulthood
The portion of the bicarbonate buffering system that is controlled by the lung is: -
Answer-the portion concered with CO2 and H2O
Reasons for acidosis can include: - Answer-an increase in acid production or a loss of
bicarbonate
, One of your patients has a sodium ion concentration of 140 mEq/L, a chloride
concentration of 100, and a bicarbonate concentration of 29. The patient's ion gap is
_____ and they can best be described as having _____ . - Answer-11, no acidosis
The phosphate buffer system and ammonia buffer system are used in the: - Answer-
tubular buffer system
If a patient already has hypokalemia, they are at risk of developing: - Answer-alkalosis
A patient with asymptomatic hyperlactemia requires: - Answer-no treatment
A potential treatment for the acid-base imbalance induced by parenteral nutrition
includes: - Answer-taking bicarbonate
If the concentration of hydrogen ions is high, the solution is considered _____ , and the
pH will be _____ . - Answer-acidic, below 7
To calculate the anion gap, you would: - Answer-subtract the sum of the chloride and
bicarbonate ion contentration from the sodium ion concentration
Normal physiologic pH and it's normal range are defined as: - Answer-7.4 (range 7.35-
7.45)
A condition that includes a moderately elevated level of lactic acid in the blood and is
often asymptomatic is: - Answer-hyperlactemia
The principle behind anion exchange is that _____ ions are _____ . An example of this
type of exchange that is used in the body for buffering is _____ . - Answer-negative,
exchanged for an ion of the same charge, Cl-/HCO3-
Patients who are hyperchloremic are at risk of also having _____ because the
exchange of _____ . The reason to have the exchange in the first place is to _____ . -
Answer-acidosis, chloride for bicarbonate, retain proper ionic balance in the blood
You have a patient who presents with an anion gap of 13. You conclude the patient: -
Answer-may or may not have acidosis becaues acidosis cannot be determined without
additional information about the chloride and bicarbonate ion concentrations
A patient with severe acidosis is expected to have a respiratory rate that is: - Answer-
increased
The portion of the protein buffering system that acts as an acid is: - Answer-the COOH
group
The anion gap typically involves which ions: - Answer-sodium, chloride and bicarbonate
