BSR- Microbiology Exam Study Guide
pathogenicity - Answer ability to cause disease
adherence to host - Answer use of pill or fimbriae
invasion - Answer collagenase or hyaluronidase
antigenic switching - Answer change shape of surface antigens
virulence - Answer ability to cause serious disease
____________ infections are hospital acquired - Answer nosocomial
___________ disease is caused by health professionals - Answer iatrogenic
__________ is two dissimilar organisms living together - Answer symbiosis
commensalism - Answer one benefits; other unaffected
parasitism - Answer hookworms causing iron deficiency
mutualism - Answer vitamin K producing bacteria
lag phase - Answer metabolic activity without division
log phase - Answer exponential growth
stationary - Answer growth = death
death phase - Answer nutrients are completely used up
nonspecific immunity is also known as ________ immunity - Answer innate
the process called __________ attracts white blood cells to the area of damage - Answer
chemotaxis
95% of circulating lymphocytes are ______ lymphocytes - Answer T
B lymphocytes are also known as ___________ cells - Answer plasma
complement fragments known as __________ bind to the surface of bacteria - Answer
opsonins
IgG - Answer most abundant in circulation
IgA - Answer in saliva, tears, and breast milk
IgM - Answer secreted early on; agglutination, phagocytosis, and lysis
IgE - Answer parasitic infections
, IgD - Answer activates B cells
the Fab (arms of the Y) is responsible for ____________________ - Answer antigen binding
specificity
antibodies belong to a class of proteins called _________________ - Answer
immunoglobulins
antibodies have a ____ shape - Answer Y
the Fc (tail of the Y) region determines the type of ___________________ - Answer
immunoglobulin
antibodies bind to __________, promoting their destruction - Answer antigens
____ lymphocytes are involved in humoral immunity - Answer B
___ lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immunity - Answer T
natural active - Answer antibodies produced after infection
natural passive - Answer antibodies transferred to the infant at birth
artificial active - Answer antibodies induced by immunization
artificial passive - Answer antibodies injected into the patient
hypersensitivity reaction type: delayed hypersensitivity - Answer IV
hypersensitivity reaction type: mast cell degranulation - Answer I
hypersensitivity reaction type: cytotoxic - Answer II
hypersensitivity reaction type: immune complex deposits - Answer III
all DNA viruses are double stranded except the ___________ virus - Answer Parvo
the human papilloma virus causes ___________ cancer - Answer cervical
all the hepatitis viruses are RNA except hepatitis _________ - Answer B
the Epstein Barr virus is associated with ________________ - Answer infectious
mononucleosis
all RNA viruses are single stranded except the ______ virus - Answer REO
Downey cells are also known as _____________________ - Answer atypical lymphocytes
the Paul Bunnel test is positive for __________________ - Answer infectious
mononucleosis
pathogenicity - Answer ability to cause disease
adherence to host - Answer use of pill or fimbriae
invasion - Answer collagenase or hyaluronidase
antigenic switching - Answer change shape of surface antigens
virulence - Answer ability to cause serious disease
____________ infections are hospital acquired - Answer nosocomial
___________ disease is caused by health professionals - Answer iatrogenic
__________ is two dissimilar organisms living together - Answer symbiosis
commensalism - Answer one benefits; other unaffected
parasitism - Answer hookworms causing iron deficiency
mutualism - Answer vitamin K producing bacteria
lag phase - Answer metabolic activity without division
log phase - Answer exponential growth
stationary - Answer growth = death
death phase - Answer nutrients are completely used up
nonspecific immunity is also known as ________ immunity - Answer innate
the process called __________ attracts white blood cells to the area of damage - Answer
chemotaxis
95% of circulating lymphocytes are ______ lymphocytes - Answer T
B lymphocytes are also known as ___________ cells - Answer plasma
complement fragments known as __________ bind to the surface of bacteria - Answer
opsonins
IgG - Answer most abundant in circulation
IgA - Answer in saliva, tears, and breast milk
IgM - Answer secreted early on; agglutination, phagocytosis, and lysis
IgE - Answer parasitic infections
, IgD - Answer activates B cells
the Fab (arms of the Y) is responsible for ____________________ - Answer antigen binding
specificity
antibodies belong to a class of proteins called _________________ - Answer
immunoglobulins
antibodies have a ____ shape - Answer Y
the Fc (tail of the Y) region determines the type of ___________________ - Answer
immunoglobulin
antibodies bind to __________, promoting their destruction - Answer antigens
____ lymphocytes are involved in humoral immunity - Answer B
___ lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immunity - Answer T
natural active - Answer antibodies produced after infection
natural passive - Answer antibodies transferred to the infant at birth
artificial active - Answer antibodies induced by immunization
artificial passive - Answer antibodies injected into the patient
hypersensitivity reaction type: delayed hypersensitivity - Answer IV
hypersensitivity reaction type: mast cell degranulation - Answer I
hypersensitivity reaction type: cytotoxic - Answer II
hypersensitivity reaction type: immune complex deposits - Answer III
all DNA viruses are double stranded except the ___________ virus - Answer Parvo
the human papilloma virus causes ___________ cancer - Answer cervical
all the hepatitis viruses are RNA except hepatitis _________ - Answer B
the Epstein Barr virus is associated with ________________ - Answer infectious
mononucleosis
all RNA viruses are single stranded except the ______ virus - Answer REO
Downey cells are also known as _____________________ - Answer atypical lymphocytes
the Paul Bunnel test is positive for __________________ - Answer infectious
mononucleosis
