BBH 451 Exam 2 Study Questions and
100% Correct Answers
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In which phase of the clinical trials process is its
effectiveness compared to a placebo in a population of those with anxiety disorders?
✅Phase II
Before a drug that is designed to treat anxiety can be marketed, its effectiveness is
compared to alprazolam (a commonly-used treatment for anxiety disorders) in a sample
of patients who have an anxiety disorder. Which clinical trial phase is this? ✅Phase lll
Which of the following p-values would typically be considered statistically significant?
✅0.03
Most drugs have been found to exert effects only on one bodily function that they are
designed to target.
true or false ✅false
Placebos may provide relief, but they do not alter the pathophysiology of diseases.
true or false ✅true
Substances that have no currently accepted medical use in the United States with a
high potential for abuse are categorized under which schedule? ✅Schedule I
All addictive drugs increase dopamine levels in the mesolimbic pathway.
true or false ✅true
The excellent correlation between the fraction of dopamine transporters blocked by
methylphenidate and the subjective high felt by the cocaine user being tested could also
be called a(n):
Decrease in affinity
Increase in potency
Increase in efficacy
Dose response curve ✅Dose response curve
Axons of dopamine neurons in the VTA extend to all of these brain structures EXCEPT:
Nucleus accumbens
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Thalamus
Prefrontal cortex ✅Thalamus
, Rather than separate Drug-related behaviors into two categories, addiction and
dependence, as was done in earlier editions of the DSM, the DSM 5 uses the term,
substance use disorder, because
it forces physicians to ask more questions before making a diagnosis.
It restricts the diagnosis of a drug problem to only those patients who really have a
problem.
It allows physicians to consider patients as being on a continuum of severity of
problems.
It makes getting insurance easier if the patient is not considered addicted or dependent.
✅It allows physicians to consider patients as being on a continuum of severity of
problems.
A group is interested in studying whether the administration of a monthly medication is
more effective when the drug is taken mid-month or at the beginning of each month.
They have one group of patients come in at the beginning of the month and get a
placebo, then come in at the middle of the month and get the drug. They have another
group of patients come in at the beginning of the month and get the drug, then come in
at the middle of the month and get placebo. At the end of the month, they compare the
groups to see which time of administration was more effective. What type of design is
this? ✅Between-subjects
The major site of binding of cocaine is to the dopamine transporter. Is there evidence to
suggest that addiction to cocaine requires more than elevation of synaptic DA levels by
blocking the dopamine transporter?
yes or no ✅yes
Which two structures of the brain are primarily involved in the reward circuit?
Nucleus Accumbens and Ventral Tegmental Area
Visual cortex and Hippocampus
Wernicke's area and the Nucleus Accumbens
Ventral Tegmental area and spinal cord ✅Nucleus Accumbens and Ventral Tegmental
Area
Which of the following drugs increase the amount of dopamine release through GABA
inhibition?
Cocaine and Benzodiazepines
Alcohol and Tobacco
Benzodiazepines and Opiates
Amphetamine and alcohol ✅Benzodiazepines and Opiates
Opiate addiction can be treated through the use of antagonists such as naloxone and
naltrexone.
true or false ✅true
Partial agonist substitution, like buprenorphine, reduces intravenous injecting because
the addict is exposed to drug to overcome the need for additional opiate use.
100% Correct Answers
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In which phase of the clinical trials process is its
effectiveness compared to a placebo in a population of those with anxiety disorders?
✅Phase II
Before a drug that is designed to treat anxiety can be marketed, its effectiveness is
compared to alprazolam (a commonly-used treatment for anxiety disorders) in a sample
of patients who have an anxiety disorder. Which clinical trial phase is this? ✅Phase lll
Which of the following p-values would typically be considered statistically significant?
✅0.03
Most drugs have been found to exert effects only on one bodily function that they are
designed to target.
true or false ✅false
Placebos may provide relief, but they do not alter the pathophysiology of diseases.
true or false ✅true
Substances that have no currently accepted medical use in the United States with a
high potential for abuse are categorized under which schedule? ✅Schedule I
All addictive drugs increase dopamine levels in the mesolimbic pathway.
true or false ✅true
The excellent correlation between the fraction of dopamine transporters blocked by
methylphenidate and the subjective high felt by the cocaine user being tested could also
be called a(n):
Decrease in affinity
Increase in potency
Increase in efficacy
Dose response curve ✅Dose response curve
Axons of dopamine neurons in the VTA extend to all of these brain structures EXCEPT:
Nucleus accumbens
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Thalamus
Prefrontal cortex ✅Thalamus
, Rather than separate Drug-related behaviors into two categories, addiction and
dependence, as was done in earlier editions of the DSM, the DSM 5 uses the term,
substance use disorder, because
it forces physicians to ask more questions before making a diagnosis.
It restricts the diagnosis of a drug problem to only those patients who really have a
problem.
It allows physicians to consider patients as being on a continuum of severity of
problems.
It makes getting insurance easier if the patient is not considered addicted or dependent.
✅It allows physicians to consider patients as being on a continuum of severity of
problems.
A group is interested in studying whether the administration of a monthly medication is
more effective when the drug is taken mid-month or at the beginning of each month.
They have one group of patients come in at the beginning of the month and get a
placebo, then come in at the middle of the month and get the drug. They have another
group of patients come in at the beginning of the month and get the drug, then come in
at the middle of the month and get placebo. At the end of the month, they compare the
groups to see which time of administration was more effective. What type of design is
this? ✅Between-subjects
The major site of binding of cocaine is to the dopamine transporter. Is there evidence to
suggest that addiction to cocaine requires more than elevation of synaptic DA levels by
blocking the dopamine transporter?
yes or no ✅yes
Which two structures of the brain are primarily involved in the reward circuit?
Nucleus Accumbens and Ventral Tegmental Area
Visual cortex and Hippocampus
Wernicke's area and the Nucleus Accumbens
Ventral Tegmental area and spinal cord ✅Nucleus Accumbens and Ventral Tegmental
Area
Which of the following drugs increase the amount of dopamine release through GABA
inhibition?
Cocaine and Benzodiazepines
Alcohol and Tobacco
Benzodiazepines and Opiates
Amphetamine and alcohol ✅Benzodiazepines and Opiates
Opiate addiction can be treated through the use of antagonists such as naloxone and
naltrexone.
true or false ✅true
Partial agonist substitution, like buprenorphine, reduces intravenous injecting because
the addict is exposed to drug to overcome the need for additional opiate use.
