Timby chapter 30 Touhy chapter 16
urinary elimination
urinary system correct answers consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
These major components, along with some accessory structures, such as the ring-
shaped muscles called the internal and external sphincters, work together to produce
urine (fluid within the bladder), collect it, and excrete it from the body.
urinary elimination correct answers the process of releasing excess fluid and metabolic
wastes), or urination, occurs when urine is excreted. The need to urinate becomes
apparent when the bladder distends with approximately 150 to 300 mL of urine. The
distention with urine causes increased fluid pressure, stimulating stretch receptors in the
bladder wall and creating a desire to empty it of urine.
characteristics of urine correct answers The physical characteristics of urine include its
volume, color, clarity, and odor. Variations in what is considered normal are wide
volume correct answers 500-3,000 mL/day
color correct answers Light yellow
abnormal:
Dark amber=Dehydration
Brown=Liver/gallbladder disease
Reddish-brown=Blood
Orange, green, blue=Water-soluble dyes
clarity correct answers Transparent
odor correct answers Faintly aromatic
abnormal:
Foul=Infection
Strong=Dehydration
Pungent=Certain foods
factors affecting urinary elimination correct answers Patterns of urinary elimination
depend on physiologic, emotional, and social factors.
-the degree of neuromuscular development and the integrity of the spinal cord
-the volume of fluid intake and the amount of fluid losses, including those from other
sources
-the amount and type of food consumed
-the person's circadian rhythm, habits, opportunities for urination, and anxiety.
, promotion of urination correct answers General measures to promote urination include
providing privacy, assuming a natural position for urination (sitting for women, standing
for men), maintaining an adequate fluid intake, and using stimuli such as running water
from a tap to initiate voiding.
urine specimen collection correct answers Health-care providers collect urine
specimens, or samples of urine, to identify microscopic or chemical constituents.
voided specimen correct answers is a sample of fresh urine collected in a clean
container. The first voided specimen of the day is preferred because it is most likely to
contain substantial urinary components that have accumulated during the night.
Nevertheless, the specimen can be voided and collected at any time it is needed.
The sample of urine is transferred into a specimen container and delivered to the
laboratory for testing and analysis. If the specimen cannot be examined in less than 1
hour after collection, it is labeled and refrigerated.
clean-catch specimens correct answers is a voided sample of urine considered sterile
and is sometimes called a midstream specimen because of the way it is collected. To
avoid contaminating the voided sample with microorganisms or substances other than
those in the urine, the external structures through which urine passes (the urinary
meatus, which is the opening to the urethra, and the surrounding tissues) are cleansed.
The urine is collected after the initial stream has been released.
Clean-catch specimens are preferred to randomly voided specimens. As soon as the
specimen is collected, it is labeled and taken to the laboratory. A clean-catch urine
specimen is refrigerated if the analysis will be delayed more than 1 hour.
instructions correct answers The nurse teaches the female client as follows:
Wash your hands.
Remove the lid from the specimen container.
Rest the lid upside down on its outer surface, taking care not to touch the inside areas.
Sit on the toilet and spread your legs.
Separate your labia with your fingers.
Cleanse each side of the urinary meatus with a separate swab, wiping from front to
back toward the vagina.
Use the final clean, moistened swab to wipe directly down the center of the separated
tissue.
Begin to urinate.
After releasing a small amount of urine into the toilet, catch a sample of urine in the
specimen container.
Take care not to touch the mouth of the specimen container to your skin.
Place the specimen container nearby on a flat surface.
Release your fingers and continue voiding normally.
Wash your hands.
Cover the specimen container with the lid.
The male client should follow the same steps as above but should perform the following
cleansing routine:
urinary elimination
urinary system correct answers consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
These major components, along with some accessory structures, such as the ring-
shaped muscles called the internal and external sphincters, work together to produce
urine (fluid within the bladder), collect it, and excrete it from the body.
urinary elimination correct answers the process of releasing excess fluid and metabolic
wastes), or urination, occurs when urine is excreted. The need to urinate becomes
apparent when the bladder distends with approximately 150 to 300 mL of urine. The
distention with urine causes increased fluid pressure, stimulating stretch receptors in the
bladder wall and creating a desire to empty it of urine.
characteristics of urine correct answers The physical characteristics of urine include its
volume, color, clarity, and odor. Variations in what is considered normal are wide
volume correct answers 500-3,000 mL/day
color correct answers Light yellow
abnormal:
Dark amber=Dehydration
Brown=Liver/gallbladder disease
Reddish-brown=Blood
Orange, green, blue=Water-soluble dyes
clarity correct answers Transparent
odor correct answers Faintly aromatic
abnormal:
Foul=Infection
Strong=Dehydration
Pungent=Certain foods
factors affecting urinary elimination correct answers Patterns of urinary elimination
depend on physiologic, emotional, and social factors.
-the degree of neuromuscular development and the integrity of the spinal cord
-the volume of fluid intake and the amount of fluid losses, including those from other
sources
-the amount and type of food consumed
-the person's circadian rhythm, habits, opportunities for urination, and anxiety.
, promotion of urination correct answers General measures to promote urination include
providing privacy, assuming a natural position for urination (sitting for women, standing
for men), maintaining an adequate fluid intake, and using stimuli such as running water
from a tap to initiate voiding.
urine specimen collection correct answers Health-care providers collect urine
specimens, or samples of urine, to identify microscopic or chemical constituents.
voided specimen correct answers is a sample of fresh urine collected in a clean
container. The first voided specimen of the day is preferred because it is most likely to
contain substantial urinary components that have accumulated during the night.
Nevertheless, the specimen can be voided and collected at any time it is needed.
The sample of urine is transferred into a specimen container and delivered to the
laboratory for testing and analysis. If the specimen cannot be examined in less than 1
hour after collection, it is labeled and refrigerated.
clean-catch specimens correct answers is a voided sample of urine considered sterile
and is sometimes called a midstream specimen because of the way it is collected. To
avoid contaminating the voided sample with microorganisms or substances other than
those in the urine, the external structures through which urine passes (the urinary
meatus, which is the opening to the urethra, and the surrounding tissues) are cleansed.
The urine is collected after the initial stream has been released.
Clean-catch specimens are preferred to randomly voided specimens. As soon as the
specimen is collected, it is labeled and taken to the laboratory. A clean-catch urine
specimen is refrigerated if the analysis will be delayed more than 1 hour.
instructions correct answers The nurse teaches the female client as follows:
Wash your hands.
Remove the lid from the specimen container.
Rest the lid upside down on its outer surface, taking care not to touch the inside areas.
Sit on the toilet and spread your legs.
Separate your labia with your fingers.
Cleanse each side of the urinary meatus with a separate swab, wiping from front to
back toward the vagina.
Use the final clean, moistened swab to wipe directly down the center of the separated
tissue.
Begin to urinate.
After releasing a small amount of urine into the toilet, catch a sample of urine in the
specimen container.
Take care not to touch the mouth of the specimen container to your skin.
Place the specimen container nearby on a flat surface.
Release your fingers and continue voiding normally.
Wash your hands.
Cover the specimen container with the lid.
The male client should follow the same steps as above but should perform the following
cleansing routine:
