Biology 2102 Final
Exam Questions
and Complete
Solutions
Denning [Date] [Course title]
, glycogen - Answer: energy storage for animals
lipids - Answer: give organic carbons, energy in C-H bonds that takes longer to break down than sugar,
energy storage
protein - Answer: essential for nitrogen source in body, provide amino acids (8 that humans cannot
make)
elements/minerals - Answer: inorganic compounds that are vital for physiological function, some
needed in large amounts, act as cofactors for enzymes, or as building materials
phosphorus - Answer: important for bone formation, nucleotide building, and ATP production
magnesium - Answer: enzyme cofactor
iron - Answer: synthesis of hemoglobin
electrolytes - Answer: inorganic ions, critical for osmoregulation, maintain membrane potentials,
especially important for neuromuscular function
electrolyte examples - Answer: Na+, K+, Cl-
types of digestion - Answer: mechanical or enzymatic
4 ways to absorb/digest nutrients - Answer: intracellular digestion, extracellular via gastrovascular
cavity, extracellular via digestive tract, extracellular via digestive system
digestive tract vs digestive system - Answer: tract= single tube, system= many other organs involved
intracellular digestion - Answer: 1. phagocytosis of food
Exam Questions
and Complete
Solutions
Denning [Date] [Course title]
, glycogen - Answer: energy storage for animals
lipids - Answer: give organic carbons, energy in C-H bonds that takes longer to break down than sugar,
energy storage
protein - Answer: essential for nitrogen source in body, provide amino acids (8 that humans cannot
make)
elements/minerals - Answer: inorganic compounds that are vital for physiological function, some
needed in large amounts, act as cofactors for enzymes, or as building materials
phosphorus - Answer: important for bone formation, nucleotide building, and ATP production
magnesium - Answer: enzyme cofactor
iron - Answer: synthesis of hemoglobin
electrolytes - Answer: inorganic ions, critical for osmoregulation, maintain membrane potentials,
especially important for neuromuscular function
electrolyte examples - Answer: Na+, K+, Cl-
types of digestion - Answer: mechanical or enzymatic
4 ways to absorb/digest nutrients - Answer: intracellular digestion, extracellular via gastrovascular
cavity, extracellular via digestive tract, extracellular via digestive system
digestive tract vs digestive system - Answer: tract= single tube, system= many other organs involved
intracellular digestion - Answer: 1. phagocytosis of food
