UNIT 1 MN 551 PATHO QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer is distraught at his
visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks. Which of the following phenomena best
accounts for the patient's anorexia and cachexia? - ANSWER Products of the tumor itself as well as a
hypermetabolic state cause cachexia
A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different genes, neither of which could
have produced the trait independently. Which of the following explanations best captures the genetic
explanation for this? - ANSWER The outcome is the result of the interaction between collaborative
genes.
A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an industrial accident several years
prior is being assessed. Which of the following phenomena may underlie the genetic changes that have
been noted in the patient? - ANSWER Base pairs may have been rearranged by the radiation exposure.
Which of the following pregnant women has most likely encountered the greatest increase in the risk
that her child will have a fetal anomaly? - ANSWER A woman who has herpes simplex and recently
recovered from endocarditis
The nurse practitioner is providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and he notes that the
patient's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse practitioner recalls that jaundice is caused by excess
accumulation of bilirubin, a pigment that can accumulate in which part of the cell? - ANSWER Cytoplasm
A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation treatment. The NP providing
pretreatment education is explaining some of the potential unwanted effects of the treatment. Which of
the following statements by the nurse is most accurate? - ANSWER "Some patients experience longer-
term irritation of skin adjacent to the treatment site."
A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder. The patient and his partner
are considering starting a family. Which of the patient's following statements indicates the patient has an
adequate understanding of the genetic basis of this health problem? - ANSWER "I know that a single
mutant allele is to blame for the health problem."
, A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular genetic disorders share a
statistical correlation. Which of the following statements best conveys the genetic rationale for this
situation? - ANSWER The genes causing each disorder are likely in the same section of the same
chromosome.
The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently diagnosed with the chromosomal
disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would recognize that which of the following statements about the
characteristics of human chromosomes is accurate? - ANSWER Autosomes contain the determination of
an individual's sex.
The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing antioxidants in
their diet. Which of the following statements best captures the rationale underlying the NPs advice? -
ANSWER Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for adverse as well as therapeutic
effects? - ANSWER Rapidly proliferating cells
Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would not require extra screening
for cancer? - ANSWER A 38-year-old female with Down syndrome and congenital scoliosis
A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of lead toxicity. Which of the
following assessment findings is most congruent with the patient's diagnosis? hi - ANSWER Hemoglobin
9.9 g/dL
The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene of a compound fracture in
her arm. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse most reasonably expect to find
when caring for a patient with a diagnosis of gas gangrene? - ANSWER Spreading edema
A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high school students about the
importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The nurse recognizes that which of the following items
underlies the rationale for this teaching? - ANSWER Cancer of the uterine cervix develops incrementally
at a cellular level.
Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell injury due to impaired
calcium homeostasis? - ANSWER Injured cells tend to accumulate calcium.
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer is distraught at his
visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks. Which of the following phenomena best
accounts for the patient's anorexia and cachexia? - ANSWER Products of the tumor itself as well as a
hypermetabolic state cause cachexia
A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different genes, neither of which could
have produced the trait independently. Which of the following explanations best captures the genetic
explanation for this? - ANSWER The outcome is the result of the interaction between collaborative
genes.
A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an industrial accident several years
prior is being assessed. Which of the following phenomena may underlie the genetic changes that have
been noted in the patient? - ANSWER Base pairs may have been rearranged by the radiation exposure.
Which of the following pregnant women has most likely encountered the greatest increase in the risk
that her child will have a fetal anomaly? - ANSWER A woman who has herpes simplex and recently
recovered from endocarditis
The nurse practitioner is providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and he notes that the
patient's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse practitioner recalls that jaundice is caused by excess
accumulation of bilirubin, a pigment that can accumulate in which part of the cell? - ANSWER Cytoplasm
A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation treatment. The NP providing
pretreatment education is explaining some of the potential unwanted effects of the treatment. Which of
the following statements by the nurse is most accurate? - ANSWER "Some patients experience longer-
term irritation of skin adjacent to the treatment site."
A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder. The patient and his partner
are considering starting a family. Which of the patient's following statements indicates the patient has an
adequate understanding of the genetic basis of this health problem? - ANSWER "I know that a single
mutant allele is to blame for the health problem."
, A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular genetic disorders share a
statistical correlation. Which of the following statements best conveys the genetic rationale for this
situation? - ANSWER The genes causing each disorder are likely in the same section of the same
chromosome.
The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently diagnosed with the chromosomal
disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would recognize that which of the following statements about the
characteristics of human chromosomes is accurate? - ANSWER Autosomes contain the determination of
an individual's sex.
The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing antioxidants in
their diet. Which of the following statements best captures the rationale underlying the NPs advice? -
ANSWER Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for adverse as well as therapeutic
effects? - ANSWER Rapidly proliferating cells
Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would not require extra screening
for cancer? - ANSWER A 38-year-old female with Down syndrome and congenital scoliosis
A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of lead toxicity. Which of the
following assessment findings is most congruent with the patient's diagnosis? hi - ANSWER Hemoglobin
9.9 g/dL
The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene of a compound fracture in
her arm. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse most reasonably expect to find
when caring for a patient with a diagnosis of gas gangrene? - ANSWER Spreading edema
A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high school students about the
importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The nurse recognizes that which of the following items
underlies the rationale for this teaching? - ANSWER Cancer of the uterine cervix develops incrementally
at a cellular level.
Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell injury due to impaired
calcium homeostasis? - ANSWER Injured cells tend to accumulate calcium.
