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Samenvatting Flashcards antibiotica & parasieten - Infectieziekten 2

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Flashcards van de verschillende antibiotica en parasieten die aanbod kwamen bij het vak "Infectieziekten 2".

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Uploaded on
August 23, 2024
Number of pages
13
Written in
2023/2024
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ANTIBIOTICA ___________________________________
Penicilline
klase penicillines (BL)

mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging

spectrum gram-positieve (streptococcen)
spirochaetes/spirillen (syphilis)

kinetiek intraveneus (IV), intramusculair (IM) (en peroraal)

time-dependent → regelmatige inname/continu infuus

safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie

resistentie Staphylococci: > 80%
Pneumococci: variabel
groep A streptococci: laag

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Cloxacilline
klase penicillines (BL)

mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging

spectrum gram-positieve → Staphylococcus spp. (resistent tegen penicilline)

voorkeursbehandeling voor invasieve S. aureus-infecties

kinetiek intraveneus (IV), peroraal (PO)

time-dependent → regelmatige inname

safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie

resistentie MRSA: variabel (15-25-40%)

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Amoxicilline + clavulaanzuur
klase penicillines (BL)

mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging

spectrum gram-positieve, gram-negatieve en anaëroben
→ clavulaanzuur helpt om bèta-lactamasen te omzeilen

kinetiek intraveneus (IV), peroraal (PO)

time-dependent → regelmatige inname

safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie

resistentie ESBL (extended spectrum beta-lactamase), ampC, CPE
(carbapenemase-producerende Enterobacteriaceae)

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, Ceftriaxone

klase cephalosporins (BL)

mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging

spectrum gram-positieve en gram-negatieve
(geen enterococci, beperkte anaëroben)

kinetiek intraveneus (IV) en intramusculair (IM)

time-dependent, maar langwerkend
goede penetratie in ontstoken hersenvliezen

safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie

resistentie ESBL (extended spectrum bèta-lactamase), cephalosporinases

andere enkel IM: 1 keer/dag inspuiten

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Meropenem
klase carbapenems (BL)

mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging

spectrum gram-positieve, gram-negatieve, anaëroben, ESBL en pseudomonas

kinetiek intraveneus (IV)

time-dependent → frequente inname
goede penetratie in CFS

safety & allergy veilig alternatief voor penicilline-allergie

zeer breed spectrum → verdere selectie van carbapenemresistentie

resistentie carbapenemases (NDM1, KPC, oxa …)

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