Bio 201 Final Exam Latest Updated 2024 With
Complete Solutions
Glycogen is to animal cells as ________ is to plant cells. - ANSWER-starch
______ is a polymer of glucose - ANSWER-Cellulose
A disaccharide, such as maltose, consists of two molecules of glucose linked by what
type of bond? - ANSWER-glycosidic
Fats and fatty acids - ANSWER-are insoluble in water.
The major class of macromolecules that stores energy and makes up the major
component of plasma membranes are - ANSWER-lipids
A phospholipid has ________ fatty acids attached to glycerol, whereas a fat has
________. - ANSWER-2; 3
The portion of an amino acid that makes the amino acid unique among the 20 different
amino acids is - ANSWER-the side chain or R-group.
An amino acid is to a protein as a ________ is to a nucleic acid. - ANSWER-nucleotide
In order to visualize the fine structure of viruses and cytoskeletal filaments at 10-25
nanometers in diameter the type of microscopy that would be most effective is -
ANSWER-transmission electron microscopy.
Prokaryotes, such as bacterial cells, differ from eukaryotes in that eukaryotes -
ANSWER-possess membrane-bound organelles.
FtsZ, MreB, and CreS proteins regulate the shape and structure of bacterial
(prokaryote) cells. These proteins are homologous to the ________ in eukaryotes. -
ANSWER-cytoskelaton
Proteins are largely responsible for the traits of living organisms, while ________
provides the blueprint for the organization, development, and function of living things. -
ANSWER-DNA
What feature of genetic mutations can eventually lead to the evolution of new species? -
ANSWER-Mutations produce changes in the DNA sequence of a gene.
The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its - ANSWER-genome.
,A researcher decides to test the scientific validity of the common phrase "An apple a
day keeps the doctor away." What would be a valid hypothesis to investigate this
specific question? - ANSWER-The daily consumption of a single apple does not change
the number of visits to the doctor.
Tritiated hydrogen (3H) differs from hydrogen (1H) in that - ANSWER-) 3H has 2 more
neutrons than 1H
When one atom loses an electron to another atom, it results in the formation of -
ANSWER-cations and anions that can form ionic bonds.
What type of bonding is likely to occur between two water molecules or strands of DNA?
- ANSWER-covalent
Carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities and combine together to form
hydrocarbon molecules. What type of bonds form between these atoms? - ANSWER-
nonpolar covalent
Amphipathic molecules - ANSWER-possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
properties.
If orange juice has a pH of 4, then it can be described as - ANSWER-an acidic solution
The addition of a strong acid like HCl to an aqueous solution would result in - ANSWER-
a decrease in pH
Select the statement that is true when comparing solutions with a pH of 6 and a pH of 8.
- ANSWER-The solution with a pH of 6 has a 100 times higher concentration of
hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 8.
A dehydration reaction - ANSWER-is used to form polymers
Ribosomes are the structures in the cell that produce - ANSWER-proteins
The route that most accurately describes secretory protein movement through the
endomembrane system would be - ANSWER-rough endoplasmic reticulum→vesicles→
Golgi apparatus→vesicles →plasma membrane.
Cyanide binds and impairs one of the molecules involved in the synthesis of ATP. The
target organelle for cyanide must be - ANSWER-mitochondria.
The cytoskeletal structure(s) that are composed of actin and regulate cell shape, cell
movement, and muscle contraction include - ANSWER-microfilaments.
, When one oxygen atom shares two pairs of electrons with another oxygen atom, O2 is
formed via a(n) - ANSWER-double covalent bond.
The nucleus of an atom is composed of ________________A) protons. - ANSWER-
protons and neutrons.
Which of the following is not true of water? - ANSWER-It is a relatively poor solvent.
What is the chemical mechanism by which cells break down polymers? - ANSWER-
hydrolysis
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as
nucleotides? - ANSWER-a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar
Which of the following best describes the flow of information in eukaryotic cells? -
ANSWER-DNA → RNA → proteins
Calcium has an atomic number of 20 and an atomic mass of 40. Therefore, a calcium
atom must have ______ - ANSWER-20 protons
Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydroxide ions [OH-] -
ANSWER-household bleach at pH 12
What is the valence of an atom with an atomic number of 9 - ANSWER-1
An example of a non-polar covalent bond is the bond between ______ - ANSWER-
carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH4).
Polysaccharides and proteins are similar in that they ____ - ANSWER-are synthesized
from monomers by dehydration reactions.
Which bond is a peptide bond? - ANSWER-C
How many electrons does sulfur have in its valence shell? - ANSWER-6
The molecular formula of a polysaccharide that is made up of 4 glucose (C6H12O6)
monomers is _____ - ANSWER-C24H42O21
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. What is the valence of an oxygen atom? -
ANSWER-2
This nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not DNA. - ANSWER-Uracil
Which molecule contains an aldehyde group? - ANSWER-C
Complete Solutions
Glycogen is to animal cells as ________ is to plant cells. - ANSWER-starch
______ is a polymer of glucose - ANSWER-Cellulose
A disaccharide, such as maltose, consists of two molecules of glucose linked by what
type of bond? - ANSWER-glycosidic
Fats and fatty acids - ANSWER-are insoluble in water.
The major class of macromolecules that stores energy and makes up the major
component of plasma membranes are - ANSWER-lipids
A phospholipid has ________ fatty acids attached to glycerol, whereas a fat has
________. - ANSWER-2; 3
The portion of an amino acid that makes the amino acid unique among the 20 different
amino acids is - ANSWER-the side chain or R-group.
An amino acid is to a protein as a ________ is to a nucleic acid. - ANSWER-nucleotide
In order to visualize the fine structure of viruses and cytoskeletal filaments at 10-25
nanometers in diameter the type of microscopy that would be most effective is -
ANSWER-transmission electron microscopy.
Prokaryotes, such as bacterial cells, differ from eukaryotes in that eukaryotes -
ANSWER-possess membrane-bound organelles.
FtsZ, MreB, and CreS proteins regulate the shape and structure of bacterial
(prokaryote) cells. These proteins are homologous to the ________ in eukaryotes. -
ANSWER-cytoskelaton
Proteins are largely responsible for the traits of living organisms, while ________
provides the blueprint for the organization, development, and function of living things. -
ANSWER-DNA
What feature of genetic mutations can eventually lead to the evolution of new species? -
ANSWER-Mutations produce changes in the DNA sequence of a gene.
The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its - ANSWER-genome.
,A researcher decides to test the scientific validity of the common phrase "An apple a
day keeps the doctor away." What would be a valid hypothesis to investigate this
specific question? - ANSWER-The daily consumption of a single apple does not change
the number of visits to the doctor.
Tritiated hydrogen (3H) differs from hydrogen (1H) in that - ANSWER-) 3H has 2 more
neutrons than 1H
When one atom loses an electron to another atom, it results in the formation of -
ANSWER-cations and anions that can form ionic bonds.
What type of bonding is likely to occur between two water molecules or strands of DNA?
- ANSWER-covalent
Carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities and combine together to form
hydrocarbon molecules. What type of bonds form between these atoms? - ANSWER-
nonpolar covalent
Amphipathic molecules - ANSWER-possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
properties.
If orange juice has a pH of 4, then it can be described as - ANSWER-an acidic solution
The addition of a strong acid like HCl to an aqueous solution would result in - ANSWER-
a decrease in pH
Select the statement that is true when comparing solutions with a pH of 6 and a pH of 8.
- ANSWER-The solution with a pH of 6 has a 100 times higher concentration of
hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 8.
A dehydration reaction - ANSWER-is used to form polymers
Ribosomes are the structures in the cell that produce - ANSWER-proteins
The route that most accurately describes secretory protein movement through the
endomembrane system would be - ANSWER-rough endoplasmic reticulum→vesicles→
Golgi apparatus→vesicles →plasma membrane.
Cyanide binds and impairs one of the molecules involved in the synthesis of ATP. The
target organelle for cyanide must be - ANSWER-mitochondria.
The cytoskeletal structure(s) that are composed of actin and regulate cell shape, cell
movement, and muscle contraction include - ANSWER-microfilaments.
, When one oxygen atom shares two pairs of electrons with another oxygen atom, O2 is
formed via a(n) - ANSWER-double covalent bond.
The nucleus of an atom is composed of ________________A) protons. - ANSWER-
protons and neutrons.
Which of the following is not true of water? - ANSWER-It is a relatively poor solvent.
What is the chemical mechanism by which cells break down polymers? - ANSWER-
hydrolysis
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as
nucleotides? - ANSWER-a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar
Which of the following best describes the flow of information in eukaryotic cells? -
ANSWER-DNA → RNA → proteins
Calcium has an atomic number of 20 and an atomic mass of 40. Therefore, a calcium
atom must have ______ - ANSWER-20 protons
Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydroxide ions [OH-] -
ANSWER-household bleach at pH 12
What is the valence of an atom with an atomic number of 9 - ANSWER-1
An example of a non-polar covalent bond is the bond between ______ - ANSWER-
carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH4).
Polysaccharides and proteins are similar in that they ____ - ANSWER-are synthesized
from monomers by dehydration reactions.
Which bond is a peptide bond? - ANSWER-C
How many electrons does sulfur have in its valence shell? - ANSWER-6
The molecular formula of a polysaccharide that is made up of 4 glucose (C6H12O6)
monomers is _____ - ANSWER-C24H42O21
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. What is the valence of an oxygen atom? -
ANSWER-2
This nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not DNA. - ANSWER-Uracil
Which molecule contains an aldehyde group? - ANSWER-C
